diff --git a/tools/perf/tests/pe-file-parsing.c b/tools/perf/tests/pe-file-parsing.c
index 30c7da7..8b31d1d 100644
--- a/tools/perf/tests/pe-file-parsing.c
+++ b/tools/perf/tests/pe-file-parsing.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static int run_dir(const char *d)
 	size_t idx;
 
 	scnprintf(filename, PATH_MAX, "%s/pe-file.exe", d);
-	ret = filename__read_build_id(filename, &bid);
+	ret = filename__read_build_id(filename, &bid, /*block=*/true);
 	TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Failed to read build_id",
 			ret == sizeof(expect_build_id));
 	TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Wrong build_id", !memcmp(bid.data, expect_build_id,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static int run_dir(const char *d)
 			!strcmp(debuglink, expect_debuglink));
 
 	scnprintf(debugfile, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", d, debuglink);
-	ret = filename__read_build_id(debugfile, &bid);
+	ret = filename__read_build_id(debugfile, &bid, /*block=*/true);
 	TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Failed to read debug file build_id",
 			ret == sizeof(expect_build_id));
 	TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Wrong build_id", !memcmp(bid.data, expect_build_id,
diff --git a/tools/perf/tests/shell/test_bpf_metadata.sh b/tools/perf/tests/shell/test_bpf_metadata.sh
index 69e3c20..be67d56 100755
--- a/tools/perf/tests/shell/test_bpf_metadata.sh
+++ b/tools/perf/tests/shell/test_bpf_metadata.sh
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 		/perf_version/ {
 			if (entry) print $NF;
 		}
-	' | egrep "$VERS" > /dev/null
+	' | grep -qF "$VERS"
 	then
 		echo "Basic BPF metadata test [Failed invalid output]"
 		err=1
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/bpf-event.c b/tools/perf/util/bpf-event.c
index 5b6d3e8..2298cd3 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/bpf-event.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/bpf-event.c
@@ -657,9 +657,15 @@ static int perf_event__synthesize_one_bpf_prog(struct perf_session *session,
 		info_node->info_linear = info_linear;
 		info_node->metadata = NULL;
 		if (!perf_env__insert_bpf_prog_info(env, info_node)) {
-			free(info_linear);
+			/*
+			 * Insert failed, likely because of a duplicate event
+			 * made by the sideband thread. Ignore synthesizing the
+			 * metadata.
+			 */
 			free(info_node);
+			goto out;
 		}
+		/* info_linear is now owned by info_node and shouldn't be freed below. */
 		info_linear = NULL;
 
 		/*
@@ -827,18 +833,18 @@ int perf_event__synthesize_bpf_events(struct perf_session *session,
 	return err;
 }
 
-static void perf_env__add_bpf_info(struct perf_env *env, u32 id)
+static int perf_env__add_bpf_info(struct perf_env *env, u32 id)
 {
 	struct bpf_prog_info_node *info_node;
 	struct perf_bpil *info_linear;
 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
 	u64 arrays;
 	u32 btf_id;
-	int fd;
+	int fd, err = 0;
 
 	fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		return;
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	arrays = 1UL << PERF_BPIL_JITED_KSYMS;
 	arrays |= 1UL << PERF_BPIL_JITED_FUNC_LENS;
@@ -852,6 +858,7 @@ static void perf_env__add_bpf_info(struct perf_env *env, u32 id)
 	info_linear = get_bpf_prog_info_linear(fd, arrays);
 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(info_linear)) {
 		pr_debug("%s: failed to get BPF program info. aborting\n", __func__);
+		err = PTR_ERR(info_linear);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -862,38 +869,46 @@ static void perf_env__add_bpf_info(struct perf_env *env, u32 id)
 		info_node->info_linear = info_linear;
 		info_node->metadata = bpf_metadata_create(&info_linear->info);
 		if (!perf_env__insert_bpf_prog_info(env, info_node)) {
+			pr_debug("%s: duplicate add bpf info request for id %u\n",
+				 __func__, btf_id);
 			free(info_linear);
 			free(info_node);
+			goto out;
 		}
-	} else
+	} else {
 		free(info_linear);
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
 
 	if (btf_id == 0)
 		goto out;
 
 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(btf_id);
-	if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
-		pr_debug("%s: failed to get BTF of id %u, aborting\n",
-			 __func__, btf_id);
-		goto out;
+	if (!btf) {
+		err = -errno;
+		pr_debug("%s: failed to get BTF of id %u %d\n", __func__, btf_id, err);
+	} else {
+		perf_env__fetch_btf(env, btf_id, btf);
 	}
-	perf_env__fetch_btf(env, btf_id, btf);
 
 out:
 	btf__free(btf);
 	close(fd);
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int bpf_event__sb_cb(union perf_event *event, void *data)
 {
 	struct perf_env *env = data;
+	int ret = 0;
 
 	if (event->header.type != PERF_RECORD_BPF_EVENT)
 		return -1;
 
 	switch (event->bpf.type) {
 	case PERF_BPF_EVENT_PROG_LOAD:
-		perf_env__add_bpf_info(env, event->bpf.id);
+		ret = perf_env__add_bpf_info(env, event->bpf.id);
 
 	case PERF_BPF_EVENT_PROG_UNLOAD:
 		/*
@@ -907,7 +922,7 @@ static int bpf_event__sb_cb(union perf_event *event, void *data)
 		break;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int evlist__add_bpf_sb_event(struct evlist *evlist, struct perf_env *env)
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/bpf-utils.c b/tools/perf/util/bpf-utils.c
index 80b1d2b..5a66dc8 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/bpf-utils.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/bpf-utils.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ struct bpil_array_desc {
 				 */
 };
 
-static struct bpil_array_desc bpil_array_desc[] = {
+static const struct bpil_array_desc bpil_array_desc[] = {
 	[PERF_BPIL_JITED_INSNS] = {
 		offsetof(struct bpf_prog_info, jited_prog_insns),
 		offsetof(struct bpf_prog_info, jited_prog_len),
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ get_bpf_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays)
 	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
 	__u32 data_len = 0;
 	int i, err;
-	void *ptr;
+	__u8 *ptr;
 
 	if (arrays >> PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY)
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@ get_bpf_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays)
 		pr_debug("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
 		return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
 	}
+	if (info.type >= __MAX_BPF_PROG_TYPE)
+		pr_debug("%s:%d: unexpected program type %u\n", __func__, __LINE__, info.type);
 
 	/* step 2: calculate total size of all arrays */
 	for (i = PERF_BPIL_FIRST_ARRAY; i < PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY; ++i) {
+		const struct bpil_array_desc *desc = &bpil_array_desc[i];
 		bool include_array = (arrays & (1UL << i)) > 0;
-		struct bpil_array_desc *desc;
 		__u32 count, size;
 
-		desc = bpil_array_desc + i;
-
 		/* kernel is too old to support this field */
 		if (info_len < desc->array_offset + sizeof(__u32) ||
 		    info_len < desc->count_offset + sizeof(__u32) ||
@@ -163,19 +163,20 @@ get_bpf_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays)
 	ptr = info_linear->data;
 
 	for (i = PERF_BPIL_FIRST_ARRAY; i < PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY; ++i) {
-		struct bpil_array_desc *desc;
+		const struct bpil_array_desc *desc = &bpil_array_desc[i];
 		__u32 count, size;
 
 		if ((arrays & (1UL << i)) == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		desc  = bpil_array_desc + i;
 		count = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->count_offset);
 		size  = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->size_offset);
 		bpf_prog_info_set_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
 					     desc->count_offset, count);
 		bpf_prog_info_set_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
 					     desc->size_offset, size);
+		assert(ptr >= info_linear->data);
+		assert(ptr < &info_linear->data[data_len]);
 		bpf_prog_info_set_offset_u64(&info_linear->info,
 					     desc->array_offset,
 					     ptr_to_u64(ptr));
@@ -189,27 +190,45 @@ get_bpf_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays)
 		free(info_linear);
 		return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
 	}
+	if (info_linear->info.type >= __MAX_BPF_PROG_TYPE) {
+		pr_debug("%s:%d: unexpected program type %u\n",
+			 __func__, __LINE__, info_linear->info.type);
+	}
 
 	/* step 6: verify the data */
+	ptr = info_linear->data;
 	for (i = PERF_BPIL_FIRST_ARRAY; i < PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY; ++i) {
-		struct bpil_array_desc *desc;
-		__u32 v1, v2;
+		const struct bpil_array_desc *desc = &bpil_array_desc[i];
+		__u32 count1, count2, size1, size2;
+		__u64 ptr2;
 
 		if ((arrays & (1UL << i)) == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		desc = bpil_array_desc + i;
-		v1 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->count_offset);
-		v2 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
+		count1 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->count_offset);
+		count2 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
 						   desc->count_offset);
-		if (v1 != v2)
-			pr_warning("%s: mismatch in element count\n", __func__);
+		if (count1 != count2) {
+			pr_warning("%s: mismatch in element count %u vs %u\n", __func__, count1, count2);
+			free(info_linear);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ERANGE);
+		}
 
-		v1 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->size_offset);
-		v2 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
+		size1 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info, desc->size_offset);
+		size2 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u32(&info_linear->info,
 						   desc->size_offset);
-		if (v1 != v2)
-			pr_warning("%s: mismatch in rec size\n", __func__);
+		if (size1 != size2) {
+			pr_warning("%s: mismatch in rec size %u vs %u\n", __func__, size1, size2);
+			free(info_linear);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ERANGE);
+		}
+		ptr2 = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u64(&info_linear->info, desc->array_offset);
+		if (ptr_to_u64(ptr) != ptr2) {
+			pr_warning("%s: mismatch in array %p vs %llx\n", __func__, ptr, ptr2);
+			free(info_linear);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ERANGE);
+		}
+		ptr += roundup(count1 * size1, sizeof(__u64));
 	}
 
 	/* step 7: update info_len and data_len */
@@ -224,13 +243,12 @@ void bpil_addr_to_offs(struct perf_bpil *info_linear)
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = PERF_BPIL_FIRST_ARRAY; i < PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY; ++i) {
-		struct bpil_array_desc *desc;
+		const struct bpil_array_desc *desc = &bpil_array_desc[i];
 		__u64 addr, offs;
 
 		if ((info_linear->arrays & (1UL << i)) == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		desc = bpil_array_desc + i;
 		addr = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u64(&info_linear->info,
 						     desc->array_offset);
 		offs = addr - ptr_to_u64(info_linear->data);
@@ -244,13 +262,12 @@ void bpil_offs_to_addr(struct perf_bpil *info_linear)
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = PERF_BPIL_FIRST_ARRAY; i < PERF_BPIL_LAST_ARRAY; ++i) {
-		struct bpil_array_desc *desc;
+		const struct bpil_array_desc *desc = &bpil_array_desc[i];
 		__u64 addr, offs;
 
 		if ((info_linear->arrays & (1UL << i)) == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		desc = bpil_array_desc + i;
 		offs = bpf_prog_info_read_offset_u64(&info_linear->info,
 						     desc->array_offset);
 		addr = offs + ptr_to_u64(info_linear->data);
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/symbol-elf.c b/tools/perf/util/symbol-elf.c
index 033c792..1346fd1 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/symbol-elf.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/symbol-elf.c
@@ -873,13 +873,17 @@ static int elf_read_build_id(Elf *elf, void *bf, size_t size)
 
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBBFD_BUILDID_SUPPORT
 
-static int read_build_id(const char *filename, struct build_id *bid)
+static int read_build_id(const char *filename, struct build_id *bid, bool block)
 {
 	size_t size = sizeof(bid->data);
-	int err = -1;
+	int err = -1, fd;
 	bfd *abfd;
 
-	abfd = bfd_openr(filename, NULL);
+	fd = open(filename, block ? O_RDONLY : (O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK));
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	abfd = bfd_fdopenr(filename, /*target=*/NULL, fd);
 	if (!abfd)
 		return -1;