mm/sparse-vmemmap.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Virtual Memory Map support
 *
 * (C) 2007 sgi. Christoph Lameter.
 *
 * Virtual memory maps allow VM primitives pfn_to_page, page_to_pfn,
 * virt_to_page, page_address() to be implemented as a base offset
 * calculation without memory access.
 *
 * However, virtual mappings need a page table and TLBs. Many Linux
 * architectures already map their physical space using 1-1 mappings
 * via TLBs. For those arches the virtual memory map is essentially
 * for free if we use the same page size as the 1-1 mappings. In that
 * case the overhead consists of a few additional pages that are
 * allocated to create a view of memory for vmemmap.
 *
 * The architecture is expected to provide a vmemmap_populate() function
 * to instantiate the mapping.
 */
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/mmzone.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/memremap.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>

#include <asm/dma.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>

#include "hugetlb_vmemmap.h"

/*
 * Flags for vmemmap_populate_range and friends.
 */
/* Get a ref on the head page struct page, for ZONE_DEVICE compound pages */
#define VMEMMAP_POPULATE_PAGEREF	0x0001

#include "internal.h"

/*
 * Allocate a block of memory to be used to back the virtual memory map
 * or to back the page tables that are used to create the mapping.
 * Uses the main allocators if they are available, else bootmem.
 */

static void * __ref __earlyonly_bootmem_alloc(int node,
				unsigned long size,
				unsigned long align,
				unsigned long goal)
{
	return memmap_alloc(size, align, goal, node, false);
}

void * __meminit vmemmap_alloc_block(unsigned long size, int node)
{
	/* If the main allocator is up use that, fallback to bootmem. */
	if (slab_is_available()) {
		gfp_t gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL|__GFP_NOWARN;
		int order = get_order(size);
		static bool warned;
		struct page *page;

		page = alloc_pages_node(node, gfp_mask, order);
		if (page)
			return page_address(page);

		if (!warned) {
			warn_alloc(gfp_mask & ~__GFP_NOWARN, NULL,
				   "vmemmap alloc failure: order:%u", order);
			warned = true;
		}
		return NULL;
	} else
		return __earlyonly_bootmem_alloc(node, size, size,
				__pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS));
}

static void * __meminit altmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size,
					       struct vmem_altmap *altmap);

/* need to make sure size is all the same during early stage */
void * __meminit vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size, int node,
					 struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	void *ptr;

	if (altmap)
		return altmap_alloc_block_buf(size, altmap);

	ptr = sparse_buffer_alloc(size);
	if (!ptr)
		ptr = vmemmap_alloc_block(size, node);
	return ptr;
}

static unsigned long __meminit vmem_altmap_next_pfn(struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	return altmap->base_pfn + altmap->reserve + altmap->alloc
		+ altmap->align;
}

static unsigned long __meminit vmem_altmap_nr_free(struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	unsigned long allocated = altmap->alloc + altmap->align;

	if (altmap->free > allocated)
		return altmap->free - allocated;
	return 0;
}

static void * __meminit altmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size,
					       struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	unsigned long pfn, nr_pfns, nr_align;

	if (size & ~PAGE_MASK) {
		pr_warn_once("%s: allocations must be multiple of PAGE_SIZE (%ld)\n",
				__func__, size);
		return NULL;
	}

	pfn = vmem_altmap_next_pfn(altmap);
	nr_pfns = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
	nr_align = 1UL << find_first_bit(&nr_pfns, BITS_PER_LONG);
	nr_align = ALIGN(pfn, nr_align) - pfn;
	if (nr_pfns + nr_align > vmem_altmap_nr_free(altmap))
		return NULL;

	altmap->alloc += nr_pfns;
	altmap->align += nr_align;
	pfn += nr_align;

	pr_debug("%s: pfn: %#lx alloc: %ld align: %ld nr: %#lx\n",
			__func__, pfn, altmap->alloc, altmap->align, nr_pfns);
	return __va(__pfn_to_phys(pfn));
}

void __meminit vmemmap_verify(pte_t *pte, int node,
				unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
{
	unsigned long pfn = pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte));
	int actual_node = early_pfn_to_nid(pfn);

	if (node_distance(actual_node, node) > LOCAL_DISTANCE)
		pr_warn_once("[%lx-%lx] potential offnode page_structs\n",
			start, end - 1);
}

pte_t * __meminit vmemmap_pte_populate(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, int node,
				       struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
				       unsigned long ptpfn, unsigned long flags)
{
	pte_t *pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
	if (pte_none(ptep_get(pte))) {
		pte_t entry;
		void *p;

		if (ptpfn == (unsigned long)-1) {
			p = vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(PAGE_SIZE, node, altmap);
			if (!p)
				return NULL;
			ptpfn = PHYS_PFN(__pa(p));
		} else {
			/*
			 * When a PTE/PMD entry is freed from the init_mm
			 * there's a free_pages() call to this page allocated
			 * above. Thus this get_page() is paired with the
			 * put_page_testzero() on the freeing path.
			 * This can only called by certain ZONE_DEVICE path,
			 * and through vmemmap_populate_compound_pages() when
			 * slab is available.
			 */
			if (flags & VMEMMAP_POPULATE_PAGEREF)
				get_page(pfn_to_page(ptpfn));
		}
		entry = pfn_pte(ptpfn, PAGE_KERNEL);
		set_pte_at(&init_mm, addr, pte, entry);
	}
	return pte;
}

static void * __meminit vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(unsigned long size, int node)
{
	void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block(size, node);

	if (!p)
		return NULL;
	memset(p, 0, size);

	return p;
}

pmd_t * __meminit vmemmap_pmd_populate(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, int node)
{
	pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
	if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
		void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node);
		if (!p)
			return NULL;
		kernel_pte_init(p);
		pmd_populate_kernel(&init_mm, pmd, p);
	}
	return pmd;
}

pud_t * __meminit vmemmap_pud_populate(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr, int node)
{
	pud_t *pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
	if (pud_none(*pud)) {
		void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node);
		if (!p)
			return NULL;
		pmd_init(p);
		pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, p);
	}
	return pud;
}

p4d_t * __meminit vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, int node)
{
	p4d_t *p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
	if (p4d_none(*p4d)) {
		void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node);
		if (!p)
			return NULL;
		pud_init(p);
		p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, p);
	}
	return p4d;
}

pgd_t * __meminit vmemmap_pgd_populate(unsigned long addr, int node)
{
	pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
	if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
		void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node);
		if (!p)
			return NULL;
		pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p);
	}
	return pgd;
}

static pte_t * __meminit vmemmap_populate_address(unsigned long addr, int node,
					      struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
					      unsigned long ptpfn,
					      unsigned long flags)
{
	pgd_t *pgd;
	p4d_t *p4d;
	pud_t *pud;
	pmd_t *pmd;
	pte_t *pte;

	pgd = vmemmap_pgd_populate(addr, node);
	if (!pgd)
		return NULL;
	p4d = vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd, addr, node);
	if (!p4d)
		return NULL;
	pud = vmemmap_pud_populate(p4d, addr, node);
	if (!pud)
		return NULL;
	pmd = vmemmap_pmd_populate(pud, addr, node);
	if (!pmd)
		return NULL;
	pte = vmemmap_pte_populate(pmd, addr, node, altmap, ptpfn, flags);
	if (!pte)
		return NULL;
	vmemmap_verify(pte, node, addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE);

	return pte;
}

static int __meminit vmemmap_populate_range(unsigned long start,
					    unsigned long end, int node,
					    struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
					    unsigned long ptpfn,
					    unsigned long flags)
{
	unsigned long addr = start;
	pte_t *pte;

	for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
		pte = vmemmap_populate_address(addr, node, altmap,
					       ptpfn, flags);
		if (!pte)
			return -ENOMEM;
	}

	return 0;
}

int __meminit vmemmap_populate_basepages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
					 int node, struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	return vmemmap_populate_range(start, end, node, altmap, -1, 0);
}

/*
 * Undo populate_hvo, and replace it with a normal base page mapping.
 * Used in memory init in case a HVO mapping needs to be undone.
 *
 * This can happen when it is discovered that a memblock allocated
 * hugetlb page spans multiple zones, which can only be verified
 * after zones have been initialized.
 *
 * We know that:
 * 1) The first @headsize / PAGE_SIZE vmemmap pages were individually
 *    allocated through memblock, and mapped.
 *
 * 2) The rest of the vmemmap pages are mirrors of the last head page.
 */
int __meminit vmemmap_undo_hvo(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				      int node, unsigned long headsize)
{
	unsigned long maddr, pfn;
	pte_t *pte;
	int headpages;

	/*
	 * Should only be called early in boot, so nothing will
	 * be accessing these page structures.
	 */
	WARN_ON(!early_boot_irqs_disabled);

	headpages = headsize >> PAGE_SHIFT;

	/*
	 * Clear mirrored mappings for tail page structs.
	 */
	for (maddr = addr + headsize; maddr < end; maddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
		pte = virt_to_kpte(maddr);
		pte_clear(&init_mm, maddr, pte);
	}

	/*
	 * Clear and free mappings for head page and first tail page
	 * structs.
	 */
	for (maddr = addr; headpages-- > 0; maddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
		pte = virt_to_kpte(maddr);
		pfn = pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte));
		pte_clear(&init_mm, maddr, pte);
		memblock_phys_free(PFN_PHYS(pfn), PAGE_SIZE);
	}

	flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, end);

	return vmemmap_populate(addr, end, node, NULL);
}

/*
 * Write protect the mirrored tail page structs for HVO. This will be
 * called from the hugetlb code when gathering and initializing the
 * memblock allocated gigantic pages. The write protect can't be
 * done earlier, since it can't be guaranteed that the reserved
 * page structures will not be written to during initialization,
 * even if CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT is enabled.
 *
 * The PTEs are known to exist, and nothing else should be touching
 * these pages. The caller is responsible for any TLB flushing.
 */
void vmemmap_wrprotect_hvo(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				    int node, unsigned long headsize)
{
	unsigned long maddr;
	pte_t *pte;

	for (maddr = addr + headsize; maddr < end; maddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
		pte = virt_to_kpte(maddr);
		ptep_set_wrprotect(&init_mm, maddr, pte);
	}
}

/*
 * Populate vmemmap pages HVO-style. The first page contains the head
 * page and needed tail pages, the other ones are mirrors of the first
 * page.
 */
int __meminit vmemmap_populate_hvo(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				       int node, unsigned long headsize)
{
	pte_t *pte;
	unsigned long maddr;

	for (maddr = addr; maddr < addr + headsize; maddr += PAGE_SIZE) {
		pte = vmemmap_populate_address(maddr, node, NULL, -1, 0);
		if (!pte)
			return -ENOMEM;
	}

	/*
	 * Reuse the last page struct page mapped above for the rest.
	 */
	return vmemmap_populate_range(maddr, end, node, NULL,
					pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte)), 0);
}

void __weak __meminit vmemmap_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmd, void *p, int node,
				      unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
{
}

int __weak __meminit vmemmap_check_pmd(pmd_t *pmd, int node,
				       unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
{
	return 0;
}

int __meminit vmemmap_populate_hugepages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
					 int node, struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
	unsigned long addr;
	unsigned long next;
	pgd_t *pgd;
	p4d_t *p4d;
	pud_t *pud;
	pmd_t *pmd;

	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = next) {
		next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);

		pgd = vmemmap_pgd_populate(addr, node);
		if (!pgd)
			return -ENOMEM;

		p4d = vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd, addr, node);
		if (!p4d)
			return -ENOMEM;

		pud = vmemmap_pud_populate(p4d, addr, node);
		if (!pud)
			return -ENOMEM;

		pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
		if (pmd_none(READ_ONCE(*pmd))) {
			void *p;

			p = vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(PMD_SIZE, node, altmap);
			if (p) {
				vmemmap_set_pmd(pmd, p, node, addr, next);
				continue;
			} else if (altmap) {
				/*
				 * No fallback: In any case we care about, the
				 * altmap should be reasonably sized and aligned
				 * such that vmemmap_alloc_block_buf() will always
				 * succeed. For consistency with the PTE case,
				 * return an error here as failure could indicate
				 * a configuration issue with the size of the altmap.
				 */
				return -ENOMEM;
			}
		} else if (vmemmap_check_pmd(pmd, node, addr, next))
			continue;
		if (vmemmap_populate_basepages(addr, next, node, altmap))
			return -ENOMEM;
	}
	return 0;
}

#ifndef vmemmap_populate_compound_pages
/*
 * For compound pages bigger than section size (e.g. x86 1G compound
 * pages with 2M subsection size) fill the rest of sections as tail
 * pages.
 *
 * Note that memremap_pages() resets @nr_range value and will increment
 * it after each range successful onlining. Thus the value or @nr_range
 * at section memmap populate corresponds to the in-progress range
 * being onlined here.
 */
static bool __meminit reuse_compound_section(unsigned long start_pfn,
					     struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
	unsigned long nr_pages = pgmap_vmemmap_nr(pgmap);
	unsigned long offset = start_pfn -
		PHYS_PFN(pgmap->ranges[pgmap->nr_range].start);

	return !IS_ALIGNED(offset, nr_pages) && nr_pages > PAGES_PER_SUBSECTION;
}

static pte_t * __meminit compound_section_tail_page(unsigned long addr)
{
	pte_t *pte;

	addr -= PAGE_SIZE;

	/*
	 * Assuming sections are populated sequentially, the previous section's
	 * page data can be reused.
	 */
	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd_off_k(addr), addr);
	if (!pte)
		return NULL;

	return pte;
}

static int __meminit vmemmap_populate_compound_pages(unsigned long start_pfn,
						     unsigned long start,
						     unsigned long end, int node,
						     struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
	unsigned long size, addr;
	pte_t *pte;
	int rc;

	if (reuse_compound_section(start_pfn, pgmap)) {
		pte = compound_section_tail_page(start);
		if (!pte)
			return -ENOMEM;

		/*
		 * Reuse the page that was populated in the prior iteration
		 * with just tail struct pages.
		 */
		return vmemmap_populate_range(start, end, node, NULL,
					      pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte)),
					      VMEMMAP_POPULATE_PAGEREF);
	}

	size = min(end - start, pgmap_vmemmap_nr(pgmap) * sizeof(struct page));
	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr += size) {
		unsigned long next, last = addr + size;

		/* Populate the head page vmemmap page */
		pte = vmemmap_populate_address(addr, node, NULL, -1, 0);
		if (!pte)
			return -ENOMEM;

		/* Populate the tail pages vmemmap page */
		next = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
		pte = vmemmap_populate_address(next, node, NULL, -1, 0);
		if (!pte)
			return -ENOMEM;

		/*
		 * Reuse the previous page for the rest of tail pages
		 * See layout diagram in Documentation/mm/vmemmap_dedup.rst
		 */
		next += PAGE_SIZE;
		rc = vmemmap_populate_range(next, last, node, NULL,
					    pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte)),
					    VMEMMAP_POPULATE_PAGEREF);
		if (rc)
			return -ENOMEM;
	}

	return 0;
}

#endif

struct page * __meminit __populate_section_memmap(unsigned long pfn,
		unsigned long nr_pages, int nid, struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
		struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
	unsigned long start = (unsigned long) pfn_to_page(pfn);
	unsigned long end = start + nr_pages * sizeof(struct page);
	int r;

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!IS_ALIGNED(pfn, PAGES_PER_SUBSECTION) ||
		!IS_ALIGNED(nr_pages, PAGES_PER_SUBSECTION)))
		return NULL;

	if (vmemmap_can_optimize(altmap, pgmap))
		r = vmemmap_populate_compound_pages(pfn, start, end, nid, pgmap);
	else
		r = vmemmap_populate(start, end, nid, altmap);

	if (r < 0)
		return NULL;

	if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING)
		memmap_boot_pages_add(DIV_ROUND_UP(end - start, PAGE_SIZE));
	else
		memmap_pages_add(DIV_ROUND_UP(end - start, PAGE_SIZE));

	return pfn_to_page(pfn);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_PREINIT
/*
 * This is called just before initializing sections for a NUMA node.
 * Any special initialization that needs to be done before the
 * generic initialization can be done from here. Sections that
 * are initialized in hooks called from here will be skipped by
 * the generic initialization.
 */
void __init sparse_vmemmap_init_nid_early(int nid)
{
	hugetlb_vmemmap_init_early(nid);
}

/*
 * This is called just before the initialization of page structures
 * through memmap_init. Zones are now initialized, so any work that
 * needs to be done that needs zone information can be done from
 * here.
 */
void __init sparse_vmemmap_init_nid_late(int nid)
{
	hugetlb_vmemmap_init_late(nid);
}
#endif