tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#define _GNU_SOURCE

#include <linux/limits.h>
#include <linux/oom.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/inotify.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>

#include "kselftest.h"
#include "cgroup_util.h"

#define MEMCG_SOCKSTAT_WAIT_RETRIES        30

static bool has_localevents;
static bool has_recursiveprot;
static int page_size;

int get_temp_fd(void)
{
	return open(".", O_TMPFILE | O_RDWR | O_EXCL, 0600);
}

int alloc_pagecache(int fd, size_t size)
{
	char buf[BUF_SIZE];
	struct stat st;
	int i;

	if (fstat(fd, &st))
		goto cleanup;

	size += st.st_size;

	if (ftruncate(fd, size))
		goto cleanup;

	for (i = 0; i < size; i += sizeof(buf))
		read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));

	return 0;

cleanup:
	return -1;
}

static char *alloc_and_populate_anon(size_t size)
{
	char *buf, *ptr;

	buf = malloc(size);
	if (buf == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "malloc() failed\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	for (ptr = buf; ptr < buf + size; ptr += page_size)
		*ptr = 0;

	return buf;
}

int alloc_anon(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	size_t size = (unsigned long)arg;
	char *buf;

	buf = alloc_and_populate_anon(size);
	if (!buf)
		return -1;

	free(buf);
	return 0;
}

int is_swap_enabled(void)
{
	char buf[BUF_SIZE];
	const char delim[] = "\n";
	int cnt = 0;
	char *line;

	if (read_text("/proc/swaps", buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0)
		return -1;

	for (line = strtok(buf, delim); line; line = strtok(NULL, delim))
		cnt++;

	return cnt > 1;
}

int set_oom_adj_score(int pid, int score)
{
	char path[PATH_MAX];
	int fd, len;

	sprintf(path, "/proc/%d/oom_score_adj", pid);

	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND);
	if (fd < 0)
		return fd;

	len = dprintf(fd, "%d", score);
	if (len < 0) {
		close(fd);
		return len;
	}

	close(fd);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * This test creates two nested cgroups with and without enabling
 * the memory controller.
 */
static int test_memcg_subtree_control(const char *root)
{
	char *parent, *child, *parent2 = NULL, *child2 = NULL;
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char buf[BUF_SIZE];

	/* Create two nested cgroups with the memory controller enabled */
	parent = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");
	child = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0/memcg_test_1");
	if (!parent || !child)
		goto cleanup_free;

	if (cg_create(parent))
		goto cleanup_free;

	if (cg_write(parent, "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory"))
		goto cleanup_parent;

	if (cg_create(child))
		goto cleanup_parent;

	if (cg_read_strstr(child, "cgroup.controllers", "memory"))
		goto cleanup_child;

	/* Create two nested cgroups without enabling memory controller */
	parent2 = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_1");
	child2 = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_1/memcg_test_1");
	if (!parent2 || !child2)
		goto cleanup_free2;

	if (cg_create(parent2))
		goto cleanup_free2;

	if (cg_create(child2))
		goto cleanup_parent2;

	if (cg_read(child2, "cgroup.controllers", buf, sizeof(buf)))
		goto cleanup_all;

	if (!cg_read_strstr(child2, "cgroup.controllers", "memory"))
		goto cleanup_all;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup_all:
	cg_destroy(child2);
cleanup_parent2:
	cg_destroy(parent2);
cleanup_free2:
	free(parent2);
	free(child2);
cleanup_child:
	cg_destroy(child);
cleanup_parent:
	cg_destroy(parent);
cleanup_free:
	free(parent);
	free(child);

	return ret;
}

static int alloc_anon_50M_check(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	size_t size = MB(50);
	char *buf;
	long anon, current;
	int ret = -1;

	buf = alloc_and_populate_anon(size);
	if (!buf)
		return -1;

	current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
	if (current < size)
		goto cleanup;

	if (!values_close(size, current, 3))
		goto cleanup;

	anon = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "anon ");
	if (anon < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (!values_close(anon, current, 3))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = 0;
cleanup:
	free(buf);
	return ret;
}

static int alloc_pagecache_50M_check(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	size_t size = MB(50);
	int ret = -1;
	long current, file;
	int fd;

	fd = get_temp_fd();
	if (fd < 0)
		return -1;

	if (alloc_pagecache(fd, size))
		goto cleanup;

	current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
	if (current < size)
		goto cleanup;

	file = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "file ");
	if (file < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (!values_close(file, current, 10))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = 0;

cleanup:
	close(fd);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test create a memory cgroup, allocates
 * some anonymous memory and some pagecache
 * and checks memory.current, memory.peak, and some memory.stat values.
 */
static int test_memcg_current_peak(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	long current, peak, peak_reset;
	char *memcg;
	bool fd2_closed = false, fd3_closed = false, fd4_closed = false;
	int peak_fd = -1, peak_fd2 = -1, peak_fd3 = -1, peak_fd4 = -1;
	struct stat ss;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	current = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current");
	if (current != 0)
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak != 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon_50M_check, NULL))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak < MB(50))
		goto cleanup;

	/*
	 * We'll open a few FDs for the same memory.peak file to exercise the free-path
	 * We need at least three to be closed in a different order than writes occurred to test
	 * the linked-list handling.
	 */
	peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (peak_fd == -1) {
		if (errno == ENOENT)
			ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	/*
	 * Before we try to use memory.peak's fd, try to figure out whether
	 * this kernel supports writing to that file in the first place. (by
	 * checking the writable bit on the file's st_mode)
	 */
	if (fstat(peak_fd, &ss))
		goto cleanup;

	if ((ss.st_mode & S_IWUSR) == 0) {
		ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	peak_fd2 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (peak_fd2 == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	peak_fd3 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (peak_fd3 == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	/* any non-empty string resets, but make it clear */
	static const char reset_string[] = "reset\n";

	peak_reset = write(peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = write(peak_fd2, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = write(peak_fd3, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	/* Make sure a completely independent read isn't affected by our  FD-local reset above*/
	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak < MB(50))
		goto cleanup;

	fd2_closed = true;
	if (close(peak_fd2))
		goto cleanup;

	peak_fd4 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (peak_fd4 == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = write(peak_fd4, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd);
	if (peak > MB(30) || peak < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_pagecache_50M_check, NULL))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak < MB(50))
		goto cleanup;

	/* Make sure everything is back to normal */
	peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd);
	if (peak < MB(50))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd4);
	if (peak < MB(50))
		goto cleanup;

	fd3_closed = true;
	if (close(peak_fd3))
		goto cleanup;

	fd4_closed = true;
	if (close(peak_fd4))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	close(peak_fd);
	if (!fd2_closed)
		close(peak_fd2);
	if (!fd3_closed)
		close(peak_fd3);
	if (!fd4_closed)
		close(peak_fd4);
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

static int alloc_pagecache_50M_noexit(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	int fd = (long)arg;
	int ppid = getppid();

	if (alloc_pagecache(fd, MB(50)))
		return -1;

	while (getppid() == ppid)
		sleep(1);

	return 0;
}

static int alloc_anon_noexit(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	int ppid = getppid();
	size_t size = (unsigned long)arg;
	char *buf;

	buf = alloc_and_populate_anon(size);
	if (!buf)
		return -1;

	while (getppid() == ppid)
		sleep(1);

	free(buf);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Wait until processes are killed asynchronously by the OOM killer
 * If we exceed a timeout, fail.
 */
static int cg_test_proc_killed(const char *cgroup)
{
	int limit;

	for (limit = 10; limit > 0; limit--) {
		if (cg_read_strcmp(cgroup, "cgroup.procs", "") == 0)
			return 0;

		usleep(100000);
	}
	return -1;
}

static bool reclaim_until(const char *memcg, long goal);

/*
 * First, this test creates the following hierarchy:
 * A       memory.min = 0,    memory.max = 200M
 * A/B     memory.min = 50M
 * A/B/C   memory.min = 75M,  memory.current = 50M
 * A/B/D   memory.min = 25M,  memory.current = 50M
 * A/B/E   memory.min = 0,    memory.current = 50M
 * A/B/F   memory.min = 500M, memory.current = 0
 *
 * (or memory.low if we test soft protection)
 *
 * Usages are pagecache and the test keeps a running
 * process in every leaf cgroup.
 * Then it creates A/G and creates a significant
 * memory pressure in A.
 *
 * Then it checks actual memory usages and expects that:
 * A/B    memory.current ~= 50M
 * A/B/C  memory.current ~= 29M [memory.events:low > 0]
 * A/B/D  memory.current ~= 21M [memory.events:low > 0]
 * A/B/E  memory.current ~= 0   [memory.events:low == 0 if !memory_recursiveprot,
 *				 undefined otherwise]
 * A/B/F  memory.current  = 0   [memory.events:low == 0]
 * (for origin of the numbers, see model in memcg_protection.m.)
 *
 * After that it tries to allocate more than there is
 * unprotected memory in A available, and checks that:
 * a) memory.min protects pagecache even in this case,
 * b) memory.low allows reclaiming page cache with low events.
 *
 * Then we try to reclaim from A/B/C using memory.reclaim until its
 * usage reaches 10M.
 * This makes sure that:
 * (a) We ignore the protection of the reclaim target memcg.
 * (b) The previously calculated emin value (~29M) should be dismissed.
 */
static int test_memcg_protection(const char *root, bool min)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL, rc;
	char *parent[3] = {NULL};
	char *children[4] = {NULL};
	const char *attribute = min ? "memory.min" : "memory.low";
	long c[4];
	long current;
	int i, attempts;
	int fd;

	fd = get_temp_fd();
	if (fd < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	parent[0] = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");
	if (!parent[0])
		goto cleanup;

	parent[1] = cg_name(parent[0], "memcg_test_1");
	if (!parent[1])
		goto cleanup;

	parent[2] = cg_name(parent[0], "memcg_test_2");
	if (!parent[2])
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(parent[0]))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(parent[0], attribute)) {
		/* No memory.min on older kernels is fine */
		if (min)
			ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	if (cg_write(parent[0], "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent[0], "memory.max", "200M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent[0], "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(parent[1]))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent[1], "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(parent[2]))
		goto cleanup;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(children); i++) {
		children[i] = cg_name_indexed(parent[1], "child_memcg", i);
		if (!children[i])
			goto cleanup;

		if (cg_create(children[i]))
			goto cleanup;

		if (i > 2)
			continue;

		cg_run_nowait(children[i], alloc_pagecache_50M_noexit,
			      (void *)(long)fd);
	}

	if (cg_write(parent[1],   attribute, "50M"))
		goto cleanup;
	if (cg_write(children[0], attribute, "75M"))
		goto cleanup;
	if (cg_write(children[1], attribute, "25M"))
		goto cleanup;
	if (cg_write(children[2], attribute, "0"))
		goto cleanup;
	if (cg_write(children[3], attribute, "500M"))
		goto cleanup;

	attempts = 0;
	while (!values_close(cg_read_long(parent[1], "memory.current"),
			     MB(150), 3)) {
		if (attempts++ > 5)
			break;
		sleep(1);
	}

	if (cg_run(parent[2], alloc_anon, (void *)MB(148)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (!values_close(cg_read_long(parent[1], "memory.current"), MB(50), 3))
		goto cleanup;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(children); i++)
		c[i] = cg_read_long(children[i], "memory.current");

	if (!values_close(c[0], MB(29), 15))
		goto cleanup;

	if (!values_close(c[1], MB(21), 20))
		goto cleanup;

	if (c[3] != 0)
		goto cleanup;

	rc = cg_run(parent[2], alloc_anon, (void *)MB(170));
	if (min && !rc)
		goto cleanup;
	else if (!min && rc) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"memory.low prevents from allocating anon memory\n");
		goto cleanup;
	}

	current = min ? MB(50) : MB(30);
	if (!values_close(cg_read_long(parent[1], "memory.current"), current, 3))
		goto cleanup;

	if (!reclaim_until(children[0], MB(10)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (min) {
		ret = KSFT_PASS;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	/*
	 * Child 2 has memory.low=0, but some low protection may still be
	 * distributed down from its parent with memory.low=50M if cgroup2
	 * memory_recursiveprot mount option is enabled. Ignore the low
	 * event count in this case.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(children); i++) {
		int ignore_low_events_index = has_recursiveprot ? 2 : -1;
		int no_low_events_index = 1;
		long low, oom;

		oom = cg_read_key_long(children[i], "memory.events", "oom ");
		low = cg_read_key_long(children[i], "memory.events", "low ");

		if (oom)
			goto cleanup;
		if (i == ignore_low_events_index)
			continue;
		if (i <= no_low_events_index && low <= 0)
			goto cleanup;
		if (i > no_low_events_index && low)
			goto cleanup;

	}

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(children) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		if (!children[i])
			continue;

		cg_destroy(children[i]);
		free(children[i]);
	}

	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(parent) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		if (!parent[i])
			continue;

		cg_destroy(parent[i]);
		free(parent[i]);
	}
	close(fd);
	return ret;
}

static int test_memcg_min(const char *root)
{
	return test_memcg_protection(root, true);
}

static int test_memcg_low(const char *root)
{
	return test_memcg_protection(root, false);
}

static int alloc_pagecache_max_30M(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	size_t size = MB(50);
	int ret = -1;
	long current, high, max;
	int fd;

	high = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.high");
	max = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.max");
	if (high != MB(30) && max != MB(30))
		return -1;

	fd = get_temp_fd();
	if (fd < 0)
		return -1;

	if (alloc_pagecache(fd, size))
		goto cleanup;

	current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
	if (!values_close(current, MB(30), 5))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = 0;

cleanup:
	close(fd);
	return ret;

}

/*
 * This test checks that memory.high limits the amount of
 * memory which can be consumed by either anonymous memory
 * or pagecache.
 */
static int test_memcg_high(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg;
	long high;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "memory.high", "max\n"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.high", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(31)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (!cg_run(memcg, alloc_pagecache_50M_check, NULL))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_pagecache_max_30M, NULL))
		goto cleanup;

	high = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "high ");
	if (high <= 0)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

static int alloc_anon_mlock(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	size_t size = (size_t)arg;
	void *buf;

	buf = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANON,
		   0, 0);
	if (buf == MAP_FAILED)
		return -1;

	mlock(buf, size);
	munmap(buf, size);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * This test checks that memory.high is able to throttle big single shot
 * allocation i.e. large allocation within one kernel entry.
 */
static int test_memcg_high_sync(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL, pid, fd = -1;
	char *memcg;
	long pre_high, pre_max;
	long post_high, post_max;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	pre_high = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "high ");
	pre_max = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "max ");
	if (pre_high < 0 || pre_max < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.high", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.max", "140M"))
		goto cleanup;

	fd = memcg_prepare_for_wait(memcg);
	if (fd < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	pid = cg_run_nowait(memcg, alloc_anon_mlock, (void *)MB(200));
	if (pid < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	cg_wait_for(fd);

	post_high = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "high ");
	post_max = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "max ");
	if (post_high < 0 || post_max < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (pre_high == post_high || pre_max != post_max)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (fd >= 0)
		close(fd);
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test checks that memory.max limits the amount of
 * memory which can be consumed by either anonymous memory
 * or pagecache.
 */
static int test_memcg_max(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg;
	long current, max;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "memory.max", "max\n"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.max", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	/* Should be killed by OOM killer */
	if (!cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_pagecache_max_30M, NULL))
		goto cleanup;

	current = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current");
	if (current > MB(30) || !current)
		goto cleanup;

	max = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "max ");
	if (max <= 0)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * Reclaim from @memcg until usage reaches @goal by writing to
 * memory.reclaim.
 *
 * This function will return false if the usage is already below the
 * goal.
 *
 * This function assumes that writing to memory.reclaim is the only
 * source of change in memory.current (no concurrent allocations or
 * reclaim).
 *
 * This function makes sure memory.reclaim is sane. It will return
 * false if memory.reclaim's error codes do not make sense, even if
 * the usage goal was satisfied.
 */
static bool reclaim_until(const char *memcg, long goal)
{
	char buf[64];
	int retries, err;
	long current, to_reclaim;
	bool reclaimed = false;

	for (retries = 5; retries > 0; retries--) {
		current = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current");

		if (current < goal || values_close(current, goal, 3))
			break;
		/* Did memory.reclaim return 0 incorrectly? */
		else if (reclaimed)
			return false;

		to_reclaim = current - goal;
		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld", to_reclaim);
		err = cg_write(memcg, "memory.reclaim", buf);
		if (!err)
			reclaimed = true;
		else if (err != -EAGAIN)
			return false;
	}
	return reclaimed;
}

/*
 * This test checks that memory.reclaim reclaims the given
 * amount of memory (from both anon and file, if possible).
 */
static int test_memcg_reclaim(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	int fd = -1;
	int retries;
	char *memcg;
	long current, expected_usage;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	current = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current");
	if (current != 0)
		goto cleanup;

	fd = get_temp_fd();
	if (fd < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	cg_run_nowait(memcg, alloc_pagecache_50M_noexit, (void *)(long)fd);

	/*
	 * If swap is enabled, try to reclaim from both anon and file, else try
	 * to reclaim from file only.
	 */
	if (is_swap_enabled()) {
		cg_run_nowait(memcg, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(50));
		expected_usage = MB(100);
	} else
		expected_usage = MB(50);

	/*
	 * Wait until current usage reaches the expected usage (or we run out of
	 * retries).
	 */
	retries = 5;
	while (!values_close(cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current"),
			    expected_usage, 10)) {
		if (retries--) {
			sleep(1);
			continue;
		} else {
			fprintf(stderr,
				"failed to allocate %ld for memcg reclaim test\n",
				expected_usage);
			goto cleanup;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Reclaim until current reaches 30M, this makes sure we hit both anon
	 * and file if swap is enabled.
	 */
	if (!reclaim_until(memcg, MB(30)))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;
cleanup:
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);
	close(fd);

	return ret;
}

static int alloc_anon_50M_check_swap(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	long mem_max = (long)arg;
	size_t size = MB(50);
	char *buf;
	long mem_current, swap_current;
	int ret = -1;

	buf = alloc_and_populate_anon(size);
	if (!buf)
		return -1;

	mem_current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
	if (!mem_current || !values_close(mem_current, mem_max, 3))
		goto cleanup;

	swap_current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.swap.current");
	if (!swap_current ||
	    !values_close(mem_current + swap_current, size, 3))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = 0;
cleanup:
	free(buf);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test checks that memory.swap.max limits the amount of
 * anonymous memory which can be swapped out. Additionally, it verifies that
 * memory.swap.peak reflects the high watermark and can be reset.
 */
static int test_memcg_swap_max_peak(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg;
	long max, peak;
	struct stat ss;
	int swap_peak_fd = -1, mem_peak_fd = -1;

	/* any non-empty string resets */
	static const char reset_string[] = "foobarbaz";

	if (!is_swap_enabled())
		return KSFT_SKIP;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.current")) {
		ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	swap_peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.swap.peak",
			       O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (swap_peak_fd == -1) {
		if (errno == ENOENT)
			ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	/*
	 * Before we try to use memory.swap.peak's fd, try to figure out
	 * whether this kernel supports writing to that file in the first
	 * place. (by checking the writable bit on the file's st_mode)
	 */
	if (fstat(swap_peak_fd, &ss))
		goto cleanup;

	if ((ss.st_mode & S_IWUSR) == 0) {
		ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	mem_peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC);

	if (mem_peak_fd == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd))
		goto cleanup;

	/* switch the swap and mem fds into local-peak tracking mode*/
	int peak_reset = write(swap_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));

	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd))
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = write(mem_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "memory.max", "max\n"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "max\n"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.max", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	/* Should be killed by OOM killer */
	if (!cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom ") != 1)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom_kill ") != 1)
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak");
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd);
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd);
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	/*
	 * open, reset and close the peak swap on another FD to make sure
	 * multiple extant fds don't corrupt the linked-list
	 */
	peak_reset = cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.peak", (char *)reset_string);
	if (peak_reset)
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = cg_write(memcg, "memory.peak", (char *)reset_string);
	if (peak_reset)
		goto cleanup;

	/* actually reset on the fds */
	peak_reset = write(swap_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	peak_reset = write(mem_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string));
	if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd);
	if (peak > MB(10))
		goto cleanup;

	/*
	 * The cgroup is now empty, but there may be a page or two associated
	 * with the open FD accounted to it.
	 */
	peak = cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd);
	if (peak > MB(1))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak") < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak") < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon_50M_check_swap, (void *)MB(30)))
		goto cleanup;

	max = cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "max ");
	if (max <= 0)
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak");
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak");
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd);
	if (peak < MB(29))
		goto cleanup;

	peak = cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd);
	if (peak < MB(19))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (mem_peak_fd != -1 && close(mem_peak_fd))
		ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	if (swap_peak_fd != -1 && close(swap_peak_fd))
		ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test disables swapping and tries to allocate anonymous memory
 * up to OOM. Then it checks for oom and oom_kill events in
 * memory.events.
 */
static int test_memcg_oom_events(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.max", "30M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (!cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "cgroup.procs", ""))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom ") != 1)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom_kill ") != 1)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

struct tcp_server_args {
	unsigned short port;
	int ctl[2];
};

static int tcp_server(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
{
	struct tcp_server_args *srv_args = arg;
	struct sockaddr_in6 saddr = { 0 };
	socklen_t slen = sizeof(saddr);
	int sk, client_sk, ctl_fd, yes = 1, ret = -1;

	close(srv_args->ctl[0]);
	ctl_fd = srv_args->ctl[1];

	saddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
	saddr.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
	saddr.sin6_port = htons(srv_args->port);

	sk = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (sk < 0) {
		/* Pass back errno to the ctl_fd */
		write(ctl_fd, &errno, sizeof(errno));
		return ret;
	}

	if (setsockopt(sk, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &yes, sizeof(yes)) < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	if (bind(sk, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, slen)) {
		write(ctl_fd, &errno, sizeof(errno));
		goto cleanup;
	}

	if (listen(sk, 1))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = 0;
	if (write(ctl_fd, &ret, sizeof(ret)) != sizeof(ret)) {
		ret = -1;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	client_sk = accept(sk, NULL, NULL);
	if (client_sk < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = -1;
	for (;;) {
		uint8_t buf[0x100000];

		if (write(client_sk, buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0) {
			if (errno == ECONNRESET)
				ret = 0;
			break;
		}
	}

	close(client_sk);

cleanup:
	close(sk);
	return ret;
}

static int tcp_client(const char *cgroup, unsigned short port)
{
	const char server[] = "localhost";
	struct addrinfo *ai;
	char servport[6];
	int retries = 0x10; /* nice round number */
	int sk, ret;
	long allocated;

	allocated = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
	snprintf(servport, sizeof(servport), "%hd", port);
	ret = getaddrinfo(server, servport, NULL, &ai);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	sk = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype, ai->ai_protocol);
	if (sk < 0)
		goto free_ainfo;

	ret = connect(sk, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto close_sk;

	ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	while (retries--) {
		uint8_t buf[0x100000];
		long current, sock;

		if (read(sk, buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0)
			goto close_sk;

		current = cg_read_long(cgroup, "memory.current");
		sock = cg_read_key_long(cgroup, "memory.stat", "sock ");

		if (current < 0 || sock < 0)
			goto close_sk;

		/* exclude the memory not related to socket connection */
		if (values_close(current - allocated, sock, 10)) {
			ret = KSFT_PASS;
			break;
		}
	}

close_sk:
	close(sk);
free_ainfo:
	freeaddrinfo(ai);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test checks socket memory accounting.
 * The test forks a TCP server listens on a random port between 1000
 * and 61000. Once it gets a client connection, it starts writing to
 * its socket.
 * The TCP client interleaves reads from the socket with check whether
 * memory.current and memory.stat.sock are similar.
 */
static int test_memcg_sock(const char *root)
{
	int bind_retries = 5, ret = KSFT_FAIL, pid, err;
	unsigned short port;
	char *memcg;
	long sock_post = -1;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test");
	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	while (bind_retries--) {
		struct tcp_server_args args;

		if (pipe(args.ctl))
			goto cleanup;

		port = args.port = 1000 + rand() % 60000;

		pid = cg_run_nowait(memcg, tcp_server, &args);
		if (pid < 0)
			goto cleanup;

		close(args.ctl[1]);
		if (read(args.ctl[0], &err, sizeof(err)) != sizeof(err))
			goto cleanup;
		close(args.ctl[0]);

		/* Skip if address family not supported by protocol */
		if (err == EAFNOSUPPORT) {
			ret = KSFT_SKIP;
			goto cleanup;
		}

		if (!err)
			break;
		if (err != EADDRINUSE)
			goto cleanup;

		waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
	}

	if (err == EADDRINUSE) {
		ret = KSFT_SKIP;
		goto cleanup;
	}

	if (tcp_client(memcg, port) != KSFT_PASS)
		goto cleanup;

	waitpid(pid, &err, 0);
	if (WEXITSTATUS(err))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.current") < 0)
		goto cleanup;

	/*
	 * memory.stat is updated asynchronously via the memcg rstat
	 * flushing worker, which runs periodically (every 2 seconds,
	 * see FLUSH_TIME). On a busy system, the "sock " counter may
	 * stay non-zero for a short period of time after the TCP
	 * connection is closed and all socket memory has been
	 * uncharged.
	 *
	 * Poll memory.stat for up to 3 seconds (~FLUSH_TIME plus some
	 * scheduling slack) and require that the "sock " counter
	 * eventually drops to zero.
	 */
	sock_post = cg_read_key_long_poll(memcg, "memory.stat", "sock ", 0,
					 MEMCG_SOCKSTAT_WAIT_RETRIES,
					 DEFAULT_WAIT_INTERVAL_US);
	if (sock_post)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test disables swapping and tries to allocate anonymous memory
 * up to OOM with memory.group.oom set. Then it checks that all
 * processes in the leaf were killed. It also checks that oom_events
 * were propagated to the parent level.
 */
static int test_memcg_oom_group_leaf_events(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *parent, *child;
	long parent_oom_events;

	parent = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");
	child = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0/memcg_test_1");

	if (!parent || !child)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(parent))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(child))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent, "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(child, "memory.max", "50M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(child, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(child, "memory.oom.group", "1"))
		goto cleanup;

	cg_run_nowait(parent, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(60));
	cg_run_nowait(child, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));
	cg_run_nowait(child, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));
	if (!cg_run(child, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_test_proc_killed(child))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(child, "memory.events", "oom_kill ") <= 0)
		goto cleanup;

	parent_oom_events = cg_read_key_long(
			parent, "memory.events", "oom_kill ");
	/*
	 * If memory_localevents is not enabled (the default), the parent should
	 * count OOM events in its children groups. Otherwise, it should not
	 * have observed any events.
	 */
	if (has_localevents && parent_oom_events != 0)
		goto cleanup;
	else if (!has_localevents && parent_oom_events <= 0)
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (child)
		cg_destroy(child);
	if (parent)
		cg_destroy(parent);
	free(child);
	free(parent);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test disables swapping and tries to allocate anonymous memory
 * up to OOM with memory.group.oom set. Then it checks that all
 * processes in the parent and leaf were killed.
 */
static int test_memcg_oom_group_parent_events(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *parent, *child;

	parent = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");
	child = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0/memcg_test_1");

	if (!parent || !child)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(parent))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(child))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent, "memory.max", "80M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(parent, "memory.oom.group", "1"))
		goto cleanup;

	cg_run_nowait(parent, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(60));
	cg_run_nowait(child, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));
	cg_run_nowait(child, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));

	if (!cg_run(child, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_test_proc_killed(child))
		goto cleanup;
	if (cg_test_proc_killed(parent))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (child)
		cg_destroy(child);
	if (parent)
		cg_destroy(parent);
	free(child);
	free(parent);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * This test disables swapping and tries to allocate anonymous memory
 * up to OOM with memory.group.oom set. Then it checks that all
 * processes were killed except those set with OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN
 */
static int test_memcg_oom_group_score_events(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg;
	int safe_pid;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");

	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.max", "50M"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.max", "0"))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_write(memcg, "memory.oom.group", "1"))
		goto cleanup;

	safe_pid = cg_run_nowait(memcg, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));
	if (set_oom_adj_score(safe_pid, OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN))
		goto cleanup;

	cg_run_nowait(memcg, alloc_anon_noexit, (void *) MB(1));
	if (!cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon, (void *)MB(100)))
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom_kill ") != 3)
		goto cleanup;

	if (kill(safe_pid, SIGKILL))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (memcg)
		cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

static int read_event(int inotify_fd, int expected_event, int expected_wd)
{
	struct inotify_event event;
	ssize_t len = 0;

	len = read(inotify_fd, &event, sizeof(event));
	if (len < (ssize_t)sizeof(event))
		return -1;

	if (event.mask != expected_event || event.wd != expected_wd) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"event does not match expected values: mask %d (expected %d) wd %d (expected %d)\n",
			event.mask, expected_event, event.wd, expected_wd);
		return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int test_memcg_inotify_delete_file(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg = NULL;
	int fd, wd;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");

	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	fd = inotify_init1(0);
	if (fd == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	wd = inotify_add_watch(fd, cg_control(memcg, "memory.events"), IN_DELETE_SELF);
	if (wd == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_destroy(memcg))
		goto cleanup;
	free(memcg);
	memcg = NULL;

	if (read_event(fd, IN_DELETE_SELF, wd))
		goto cleanup;

	if (read_event(fd, IN_IGNORED, wd))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (fd >= 0)
		close(fd);
	if (memcg)
		cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

static int test_memcg_inotify_delete_dir(const char *root)
{
	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
	char *memcg = NULL;
	int fd, wd;

	memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test_0");

	if (!memcg)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_create(memcg))
		goto cleanup;

	fd = inotify_init1(0);
	if (fd == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	wd = inotify_add_watch(fd, memcg, IN_DELETE_SELF);
	if (wd == -1)
		goto cleanup;

	if (cg_destroy(memcg))
		goto cleanup;
	free(memcg);
	memcg = NULL;

	if (read_event(fd, IN_DELETE_SELF, wd))
		goto cleanup;

	if (read_event(fd, IN_IGNORED, wd))
		goto cleanup;

	ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup:
	if (fd >= 0)
		close(fd);
	if (memcg)
		cg_destroy(memcg);
	free(memcg);

	return ret;
}

#define T(x) { x, #x }
struct memcg_test {
	int (*fn)(const char *root);
	const char *name;
} tests[] = {
	T(test_memcg_subtree_control),
	T(test_memcg_current_peak),
	T(test_memcg_min),
	T(test_memcg_low),
	T(test_memcg_high),
	T(test_memcg_high_sync),
	T(test_memcg_max),
	T(test_memcg_reclaim),
	T(test_memcg_oom_events),
	T(test_memcg_swap_max_peak),
	T(test_memcg_sock),
	T(test_memcg_oom_group_leaf_events),
	T(test_memcg_oom_group_parent_events),
	T(test_memcg_oom_group_score_events),
	T(test_memcg_inotify_delete_file),
	T(test_memcg_inotify_delete_dir),
};
#undef T

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char root[PATH_MAX];
	int i, proc_status;

	page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);
	if (page_size <= 0)
		page_size = BUF_SIZE;

	ksft_print_header();
	if (cg_find_unified_root(root, sizeof(root), NULL))
		ksft_exit_skip("cgroup v2 isn't mounted\n");

	/*
	 * Check that memory controller is available:
	 * memory is listed in cgroup.controllers
	 */
	if (cg_read_strstr(root, "cgroup.controllers", "memory"))
		ksft_exit_skip("memory controller isn't available\n");

	if (cg_read_strstr(root, "cgroup.subtree_control", "memory"))
		if (cg_write(root, "cgroup.subtree_control", "+memory"))
			ksft_exit_skip("Failed to set memory controller\n");

	proc_status = proc_mount_contains("memory_recursiveprot");
	if (proc_status < 0)
		ksft_exit_skip("Failed to query cgroup mount option\n");
	has_recursiveprot = proc_status;

	proc_status = proc_mount_contains("memory_localevents");
	if (proc_status < 0)
		ksft_exit_skip("Failed to query cgroup mount option\n");
	has_localevents = proc_status;

	ksft_set_plan(ARRAY_SIZE(tests));
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tests); i++) {
		switch (tests[i].fn(root)) {
		case KSFT_PASS:
			ksft_test_result_pass("%s\n", tests[i].name);
			break;
		case KSFT_SKIP:
			ksft_test_result_skip("%s\n", tests[i].name);
			break;
		default:
			ksft_test_result_fail("%s\n", tests[i].name);
			break;
		}
	}

	ksft_finished();
}