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gbmc / linux / 608e99f7869e3a6e028c7cba14a896c7797e8746 / . / tools / lib / bpf / btf.c
blob: 8befb8103e32dbb26cbb33269bee94007e5f7656 [file] [log] [blame]
// SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
/* Copyright (c) 2018 Facebook */
#include <byteswap.h>
#include <endian.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/btf.h>
#include <gelf.h>
#include "btf.h"
#include "bpf.h"
#include "libbpf.h"
#include "libbpf_internal.h"
#include "hashmap.h"
#include "strset.h"
#include "str_error.h"
#define BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES 0x7fffffffU
#define BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET 0x7fffffffU
static struct btf_type btf_void;
struct btf {
/* raw BTF data in native endianness */
void *raw_data;
/* raw BTF data in non-native endianness */
void *raw_data_swapped;
__u32 raw_size;
/* whether target endianness differs from the native one */
bool swapped_endian;
/*
* When BTF is loaded from an ELF or raw memory it is stored
* in a contiguous memory block. The hdr, type_data, and, strs_data
* point inside that memory region to their respective parts of BTF
* representation:
*
* +--------------------------------+
* | Header | Types | Strings |
* +--------------------------------+
* ^ ^ ^
* | | |
* hdr | |
* types_data-+ |
* strs_data------------+
*
* If BTF data is later modified, e.g., due to types added or
* removed, BTF deduplication performed, etc, this contiguous
* representation is broken up into three independently allocated
* memory regions to be able to modify them independently.
* raw_data is nulled out at that point, but can be later allocated
* and cached again if user calls btf__raw_data(), at which point
* raw_data will contain a contiguous copy of header, types, and
* strings:
*
* +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+
* | Header | | Types | | Strings |
* +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+
* ^ ^ ^
* | | |
* hdr | |
* types_data----+ |
* strset__data(strs_set)-----+
*
* +----------+---------+-----------+
* | Header | Types | Strings |
* raw_data----->+----------+---------+-----------+
*/
struct btf_header *hdr;
void *types_data;
size_t types_data_cap; /* used size stored in hdr->type_len */
/* type ID to `struct btf_type *` lookup index
* type_offs[0] corresponds to the first non-VOID type:
* - for base BTF it's type [1];
* - for split BTF it's the first non-base BTF type.
*/
__u32 *type_offs;
size_t type_offs_cap;
/* number of types in this BTF instance:
* - doesn't include special [0] void type;
* - for split BTF counts number of types added on top of base BTF.
*/
__u32 nr_types;
/* if not NULL, points to the base BTF on top of which the current
* split BTF is based
*/
struct btf *base_btf;
/* BTF type ID of the first type in this BTF instance:
* - for base BTF it's equal to 1;
* - for split BTF it's equal to biggest type ID of base BTF plus 1.
*/
int start_id;
/* logical string offset of this BTF instance:
* - for base BTF it's equal to 0;
* - for split BTF it's equal to total size of base BTF's string section size.
*/
int start_str_off;
/* only one of strs_data or strs_set can be non-NULL, depending on
* whether BTF is in a modifiable state (strs_set is used) or not
* (strs_data points inside raw_data)
*/
void *strs_data;
/* a set of unique strings */
struct strset *strs_set;
/* whether strings are already deduplicated */
bool strs_deduped;
/* whether base_btf should be freed in btf_free for this instance */
bool owns_base;
/* BTF object FD, if loaded into kernel */
int fd;
/* Pointer size (in bytes) for a target architecture of this BTF */
int ptr_sz;
};
static inline __u64 ptr_to_u64(const void *ptr)
{
return (__u64) (unsigned long) ptr;
}
/* Ensure given dynamically allocated memory region pointed to by *data* with
* capacity of *cap_cnt* elements each taking *elem_sz* bytes has enough
* memory to accommodate *add_cnt* new elements, assuming *cur_cnt* elements
* are already used. At most *max_cnt* elements can be ever allocated.
* If necessary, memory is reallocated and all existing data is copied over,
* new pointer to the memory region is stored at *data, new memory region
* capacity (in number of elements) is stored in *cap.
* On success, memory pointer to the beginning of unused memory is returned.
* On error, NULL is returned.
*/
void *libbpf_add_mem(void **data, size_t *cap_cnt, size_t elem_sz,
size_t cur_cnt, size_t max_cnt, size_t add_cnt)
{
size_t new_cnt;
void *new_data;
if (cur_cnt + add_cnt <= *cap_cnt)
return *data + cur_cnt * elem_sz;
/* requested more than the set limit */
if (cur_cnt + add_cnt > max_cnt)
return NULL;
new_cnt = *cap_cnt;
new_cnt += new_cnt / 4; /* expand by 25% */
if (new_cnt < 16) /* but at least 16 elements */
new_cnt = 16;
if (new_cnt > max_cnt) /* but not exceeding a set limit */
new_cnt = max_cnt;
if (new_cnt < cur_cnt + add_cnt) /* also ensure we have enough memory */
new_cnt = cur_cnt + add_cnt;
new_data = libbpf_reallocarray(*data, new_cnt, elem_sz);
if (!new_data)
return NULL;
/* zero out newly allocated portion of memory */
memset(new_data + (*cap_cnt) * elem_sz, 0, (new_cnt - *cap_cnt) * elem_sz);
*data = new_data;
*cap_cnt = new_cnt;
return new_data + cur_cnt * elem_sz;
}
/* Ensure given dynamically allocated memory region has enough allocated space
* to accommodate *need_cnt* elements of size *elem_sz* bytes each
*/
int libbpf_ensure_mem(void **data, size_t *cap_cnt, size_t elem_sz, size_t need_cnt)
{
void *p;
if (need_cnt <= *cap_cnt)
return 0;
p = libbpf_add_mem(data, cap_cnt, elem_sz, *cap_cnt, SIZE_MAX, need_cnt - *cap_cnt);
if (!p)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static void *btf_add_type_offs_mem(struct btf *btf, size_t add_cnt)
{
return libbpf_add_mem((void **)&btf->type_offs, &btf->type_offs_cap, sizeof(__u32),
btf->nr_types, BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES, add_cnt);
}
static int btf_add_type_idx_entry(struct btf *btf, __u32 type_off)
{
__u32 *p;
p = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, 1);
if (!p)
return -ENOMEM;
*p = type_off;
return 0;
}
static void btf_bswap_hdr(struct btf_header *h)
{
h->magic = bswap_16(h->magic);
h->hdr_len = bswap_32(h->hdr_len);
h->type_off = bswap_32(h->type_off);
h->type_len = bswap_32(h->type_len);
h->str_off = bswap_32(h->str_off);
h->str_len = bswap_32(h->str_len);
}
static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf *btf)
{
struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr;
__u32 meta_left;
if (btf->raw_size < sizeof(struct btf_header)) {
pr_debug("BTF header not found\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (hdr->magic == bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) {
btf->swapped_endian = true;
if (bswap_32(hdr->hdr_len) != sizeof(struct btf_header)) {
pr_warn("Can't load BTF with non-native endianness due to unsupported header length %u\n",
bswap_32(hdr->hdr_len));
return -ENOTSUP;
}
btf_bswap_hdr(hdr);
} else if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF magic: %x\n", hdr->magic);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (btf->raw_size < hdr->hdr_len) {
pr_debug("BTF header len %u larger than data size %u\n",
hdr->hdr_len, btf->raw_size);
return -EINVAL;
}
meta_left = btf->raw_size - hdr->hdr_len;
if (meta_left < (long long)hdr->str_off + hdr->str_len) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF total size: %u\n", btf->raw_size);
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((long long)hdr->type_off + hdr->type_len > hdr->str_off) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF data sections layout: type data at %u + %u, strings data at %u + %u\n",
hdr->type_off, hdr->type_len, hdr->str_off, hdr->str_len);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (hdr->type_off % 4) {
pr_debug("BTF type section is not aligned to 4 bytes\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_parse_str_sec(struct btf *btf)
{
const struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr;
const char *start = btf->strs_data;
const char *end = start + btf->hdr->str_len;
if (btf->base_btf && hdr->str_len == 0)
return 0;
if (!hdr->str_len || hdr->str_len - 1 > BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET || end[-1]) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF string section\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!btf->base_btf && start[0]) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF string section\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_type_size(const struct btf_type *t)
{
const int base_size = sizeof(struct btf_type);
__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
return base_size;
case BTF_KIND_INT:
return base_size + sizeof(__u32);
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_enum);
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_enum64);
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_array);
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_member);
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_param);
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_var);
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_var_secinfo);
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag);
default:
pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t));
return -EINVAL;
}
}
static void btf_bswap_type_base(struct btf_type *t)
{
t->name_off = bswap_32(t->name_off);
t->info = bswap_32(t->info);
t->type = bswap_32(t->type);
}
static int btf_bswap_type_rest(struct btf_type *t)
{
struct btf_var_secinfo *v;
struct btf_enum64 *e64;
struct btf_member *m;
struct btf_array *a;
struct btf_param *p;
struct btf_enum *e;
__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
int i;
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_INT:
*(__u32 *)(t + 1) = bswap_32(*(__u32 *)(t + 1));
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
for (i = 0, e = btf_enum(t); i < vlen; i++, e++) {
e->name_off = bswap_32(e->name_off);
e->val = bswap_32(e->val);
}
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
for (i = 0, e64 = btf_enum64(t); i < vlen; i++, e64++) {
e64->name_off = bswap_32(e64->name_off);
e64->val_lo32 = bswap_32(e64->val_lo32);
e64->val_hi32 = bswap_32(e64->val_hi32);
}
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
a = btf_array(t);
a->type = bswap_32(a->type);
a->index_type = bswap_32(a->index_type);
a->nelems = bswap_32(a->nelems);
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
for (i = 0, m = btf_members(t); i < vlen; i++, m++) {
m->name_off = bswap_32(m->name_off);
m->type = bswap_32(m->type);
m->offset = bswap_32(m->offset);
}
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
for (i = 0, p = btf_params(t); i < vlen; i++, p++) {
p->name_off = bswap_32(p->name_off);
p->type = bswap_32(p->type);
}
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
btf_var(t)->linkage = bswap_32(btf_var(t)->linkage);
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
for (i = 0, v = btf_var_secinfos(t); i < vlen; i++, v++) {
v->type = bswap_32(v->type);
v->offset = bswap_32(v->offset);
v->size = bswap_32(v->size);
}
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = bswap_32(btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx);
return 0;
default:
pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t));
return -EINVAL;
}
}
static int btf_parse_type_sec(struct btf *btf)
{
struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr;
void *next_type = btf->types_data;
void *end_type = next_type + hdr->type_len;
int err, type_size;
while (next_type + sizeof(struct btf_type) <= end_type) {
if (btf->swapped_endian)
btf_bswap_type_base(next_type);
type_size = btf_type_size(next_type);
if (type_size < 0)
return type_size;
if (next_type + type_size > end_type) {
pr_warn("BTF type [%d] is malformed\n", btf->start_id + btf->nr_types);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (btf->swapped_endian && btf_bswap_type_rest(next_type))
return -EINVAL;
err = btf_add_type_idx_entry(btf, next_type - btf->types_data);
if (err)
return err;
next_type += type_size;
btf->nr_types++;
}
if (next_type != end_type) {
pr_warn("BTF types data is malformed\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_validate_str(const struct btf *btf, __u32 str_off, const char *what, __u32 type_id)
{
const char *s;
s = btf__str_by_offset(btf, str_off);
if (!s) {
pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: invalid %s (string offset %u)\n", type_id, what, str_off);
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_validate_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id, __u32 ctx_id)
{
const struct btf_type *t;
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, id);
if (!t) {
pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: invalid referenced type ID %u\n", ctx_id, id);
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_validate_type(const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_type *t, __u32 id)
{
__u32 kind = btf_kind(t);
int err, i, n;
err = btf_validate_str(btf, t->name_off, "type name", id);
if (err)
return err;
switch (kind) {
case BTF_KIND_UNKN:
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
break;
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
err = btf_validate_id(btf, t->type, id);
if (err)
return err;
break;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {
const struct btf_array *a = btf_array(t);
err = btf_validate_id(btf, a->type, id);
err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, a->index_type, id);
if (err)
return err;
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION: {
const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);
n = btf_vlen(t);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "field name", id);
err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id);
if (err)
return err;
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_ENUM: {
const struct btf_enum *m = btf_enum(t);
n = btf_vlen(t);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "enum name", id);
if (err)
return err;
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: {
const struct btf_enum64 *m = btf_enum64(t);
n = btf_vlen(t);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "enum name", id);
if (err)
return err;
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_FUNC: {
const struct btf_type *ft;
err = btf_validate_id(btf, t->type, id);
if (err)
return err;
ft = btf__type_by_id(btf, t->type);
if (btf_kind(ft) != BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO) {
pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: referenced type [%u] is not FUNC_PROTO\n", id, t->type);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {
const struct btf_param *m = btf_params(t);
n = btf_vlen(t);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "param name", id);
err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id);
if (err)
return err;
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: {
const struct btf_var_secinfo *m = btf_var_secinfos(t);
n = btf_vlen(t);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {
err = btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id);
if (err)
return err;
}
break;
}
default:
pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: unrecognized kind %u\n", id, kind);
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
/* Validate basic sanity of BTF. It's intentionally less thorough than
* kernel's validation and validates only properties of BTF that libbpf relies
* on to be correct (e.g., valid type IDs, valid string offsets, etc)
*/
static int btf_sanity_check(const struct btf *btf)
{
const struct btf_type *t;
__u32 i, n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
int err;
for (i = btf->start_id; i < n; i++) {
t = btf_type_by_id(btf, i);
err = btf_validate_type(btf, t, i);
if (err)
return err;
}
return 0;
}
__u32 btf__type_cnt(const struct btf *btf)
{
return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types;
}
const struct btf *btf__base_btf(const struct btf *btf)
{
return btf->base_btf;
}
/* internal helper returning non-const pointer to a type */
struct btf_type *btf_type_by_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
{
if (type_id == 0)
return &btf_void;
if (type_id < btf->start_id)
return btf_type_by_id(btf->base_btf, type_id);
return btf->types_data + btf->type_offs[type_id - btf->start_id];
}
const struct btf_type *btf__type_by_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
{
if (type_id >= btf->start_id + btf->nr_types)
return errno = EINVAL, NULL;
return btf_type_by_id((struct btf *)btf, type_id);
}
static int determine_ptr_size(const struct btf *btf)
{
static const char * const long_aliases[] = {
"long",
"long int",
"int long",
"unsigned long",
"long unsigned",
"unsigned long int",
"unsigned int long",
"long unsigned int",
"long int unsigned",
"int unsigned long",
"int long unsigned",
};
const struct btf_type *t;
const char *name;
int i, j, n;
if (btf->base_btf && btf->base_btf->ptr_sz > 0)
return btf->base_btf->ptr_sz;
n = btf__type_cnt(btf);
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
if (!btf_is_int(t))
continue;
if (t->size != 4 && t->size != 8)
continue;
name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
if (!name)
continue;
for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(long_aliases); j++) {
if (strcmp(name, long_aliases[j]) == 0)
return t->size;
}
}
return -1;
}
static size_t btf_ptr_sz(const struct btf *btf)
{
if (!btf->ptr_sz)
((struct btf *)btf)->ptr_sz = determine_ptr_size(btf);
return btf->ptr_sz < 0 ? sizeof(void *) : btf->ptr_sz;
}
/* Return pointer size this BTF instance assumes. The size is heuristically
* determined by looking for 'long' or 'unsigned long' integer type and
* recording its size in bytes. If BTF type information doesn't have any such
* type, this function returns 0. In the latter case, native architecture's
* pointer size is assumed, so will be either 4 or 8, depending on
* architecture that libbpf was compiled for. It's possible to override
* guessed value by using btf__set_pointer_size() API.
*/
size_t btf__pointer_size(const struct btf *btf)
{
if (!btf->ptr_sz)
((struct btf *)btf)->ptr_sz = determine_ptr_size(btf);
if (btf->ptr_sz < 0)
/* not enough BTF type info to guess */
return 0;
return btf->ptr_sz;
}
/* Override or set pointer size in bytes. Only values of 4 and 8 are
* supported.
*/
int btf__set_pointer_size(struct btf *btf, size_t ptr_sz)
{
if (ptr_sz != 4 && ptr_sz != 8)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
btf->ptr_sz = ptr_sz;
return 0;
}
static bool is_host_big_endian(void)
{
#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
return false;
#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
return true;
#else
# error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"
#endif
}
enum btf_endianness btf__endianness(const struct btf *btf)
{
if (is_host_big_endian())
return btf->swapped_endian ? BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN : BTF_BIG_ENDIAN;
else
return btf->swapped_endian ? BTF_BIG_ENDIAN : BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
}
int btf__set_endianness(struct btf *btf, enum btf_endianness endian)
{
if (endian != BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN && endian != BTF_BIG_ENDIAN)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
btf->swapped_endian = is_host_big_endian() != (endian == BTF_BIG_ENDIAN);
if (!btf->swapped_endian) {
free(btf->raw_data_swapped);
btf->raw_data_swapped = NULL;
}
return 0;
}
static bool btf_type_is_void(const struct btf_type *t)
{
return t == &btf_void || btf_is_fwd(t);
}
static bool btf_type_is_void_or_null(const struct btf_type *t)
{
return !t || btf_type_is_void(t);
}
#define MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH 32
__s64 btf__resolve_size(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
{
const struct btf_array *array;
const struct btf_type *t;
__u32 nelems = 1;
__s64 size = -1;
int i;
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id);
for (i = 0; i < MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH && !btf_type_is_void_or_null(t); i++) {
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
size = t->size;
goto done;
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
size = btf_ptr_sz(btf);
goto done;
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
type_id = t->type;
break;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
array = btf_array(t);
if (nelems && array->nelems > UINT32_MAX / nelems)
return libbpf_err(-E2BIG);
nelems *= array->nelems;
type_id = array->type;
break;
default:
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
}
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id);
}
done:
if (size < 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (nelems && size > UINT32_MAX / nelems)
return libbpf_err(-E2BIG);
return nelems * size;
}
int btf__align_of(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id)
{
const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, id);
__u16 kind = btf_kind(t);
switch (kind) {
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
return min(btf_ptr_sz(btf), (size_t)t->size);
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
return btf_ptr_sz(btf);
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
return btf__align_of(btf, t->type);
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
return btf__align_of(btf, btf_array(t)->type);
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION: {
const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);
__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
int i, max_align = 1, align;
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++) {
align = btf__align_of(btf, m->type);
if (align <= 0)
return libbpf_err(align);
max_align = max(max_align, align);
/* if field offset isn't aligned according to field
* type's alignment, then struct must be packed
*/
if (btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i) == 0 &&
(m->offset % (8 * align)) != 0)
return 1;
}
/* if struct/union size isn't a multiple of its alignment,
* then struct must be packed
*/
if ((t->size % max_align) != 0)
return 1;
return max_align;
}
default:
pr_warn("unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t));
return errno = EINVAL, 0;
}
}
int btf__resolve_type(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id)
{
const struct btf_type *t;
int depth = 0;
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id);
while (depth < MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH &&
!btf_type_is_void_or_null(t) &&
(btf_is_mod(t) || btf_is_typedef(t) || btf_is_var(t))) {
type_id = t->type;
t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id);
depth++;
}
if (depth == MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH || btf_type_is_void_or_null(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
return type_id;
}
__s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name)
{
__u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf);
if (!strcmp(type_name, "void"))
return 0;
for (i = 1; i < nr_types; i++) {
const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
if (name && !strcmp(type_name, name))
return i;
}
return libbpf_err(-ENOENT);
}
static __s32 btf_find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, int start_id,
const char *type_name, __u32 kind)
{
__u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf);
if (kind == BTF_KIND_UNKN || !strcmp(type_name, "void"))
return 0;
for (i = start_id; i < nr_types; i++) {
const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
const char *name;
if (btf_kind(t) != kind)
continue;
name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
if (name && !strcmp(type_name, name))
return i;
}
return libbpf_err(-ENOENT);
}
__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind_own(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
__u32 kind)
{
return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, btf->start_id, type_name, kind);
}
__s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name,
__u32 kind)
{
return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, 1, type_name, kind);
}
static bool btf_is_modifiable(const struct btf *btf)
{
return (void *)btf->hdr != btf->raw_data;
}
void btf__free(struct btf *btf)
{
if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(btf))
return;
if (btf->fd >= 0)
close(btf->fd);
if (btf_is_modifiable(btf)) {
/* if BTF was modified after loading, it will have a split
* in-memory representation for header, types, and strings
* sections, so we need to free all of them individually. It
* might still have a cached contiguous raw data present,
* which will be unconditionally freed below.
*/
free(btf->hdr);
free(btf->types_data);
strset__free(btf->strs_set);
}
free(btf->raw_data);
free(btf->raw_data_swapped);
free(btf->type_offs);
if (btf->owns_base)
btf__free(btf->base_btf);
free(btf);
}
static struct btf *btf_new_empty(struct btf *base_btf)
{
struct btf *btf;
btf = calloc(1, sizeof(*btf));
if (!btf)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
btf->nr_types = 0;
btf->start_id = 1;
btf->start_str_off = 0;
btf->fd = -1;
btf->ptr_sz = sizeof(void *);
btf->swapped_endian = false;
if (base_btf) {
btf->base_btf = base_btf;
btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf);
btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len;
btf->swapped_endian = base_btf->swapped_endian;
}
/* +1 for empty string at offset 0 */
btf->raw_size = sizeof(struct btf_header) + (base_btf ? 0 : 1);
btf->raw_data = calloc(1, btf->raw_size);
if (!btf->raw_data) {
free(btf);
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
}
btf->hdr = btf->raw_data;
btf->hdr->hdr_len = sizeof(struct btf_header);
btf->hdr->magic = BTF_MAGIC;
btf->hdr->version = BTF_VERSION;
btf->types_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len;
btf->strs_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len;
btf->hdr->str_len = base_btf ? 0 : 1; /* empty string at offset 0 */
return btf;
}
struct btf *btf__new_empty(void)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_new_empty(NULL));
}
struct btf *btf__new_empty_split(struct btf *base_btf)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_new_empty(base_btf));
}
static struct btf *btf_new(const void *data, __u32 size, struct btf *base_btf)
{
struct btf *btf;
int err;
btf = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf));
if (!btf)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
btf->nr_types = 0;
btf->start_id = 1;
btf->start_str_off = 0;
btf->fd = -1;
if (base_btf) {
btf->base_btf = base_btf;
btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf);
btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len;
}
btf->raw_data = malloc(size);
if (!btf->raw_data) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
memcpy(btf->raw_data, data, size);
btf->raw_size = size;
btf->hdr = btf->raw_data;
err = btf_parse_hdr(btf);
if (err)
goto done;
btf->strs_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len + btf->hdr->str_off;
btf->types_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len + btf->hdr->type_off;
err = btf_parse_str_sec(btf);
err = err ?: btf_parse_type_sec(btf);
err = err ?: btf_sanity_check(btf);
if (err)
goto done;
done:
if (err) {
btf__free(btf);
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
return btf;
}
struct btf *btf__new(const void *data, __u32 size)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_new(data, size, NULL));
}
struct btf *btf__new_split(const void *data, __u32 size, struct btf *base_btf)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_new(data, size, base_btf));
}
struct btf_elf_secs {
Elf_Data *btf_data;
Elf_Data *btf_ext_data;
Elf_Data *btf_base_data;
};
static int btf_find_elf_sections(Elf *elf, const char *path, struct btf_elf_secs *secs)
{
Elf_Scn *scn = NULL;
Elf_Data *data;
GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
size_t shstrndx;
int idx = 0;
if (!gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr)) {
pr_warn("failed to get EHDR from %s\n", path);
goto err;
}
if (elf_getshdrstrndx(elf, &shstrndx)) {
pr_warn("failed to get section names section index for %s\n",
path);
goto err;
}
if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, shstrndx), NULL)) {
pr_warn("failed to get e_shstrndx from %s\n", path);
goto err;
}
while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
Elf_Data **field;
GElf_Shdr sh;
char *name;
idx++;
if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh) {
pr_warn("failed to get section(%d) header from %s\n",
idx, path);
goto err;
}
name = elf_strptr(elf, shstrndx, sh.sh_name);
if (!name) {
pr_warn("failed to get section(%d) name from %s\n",
idx, path);
goto err;
}
if (strcmp(name, BTF_ELF_SEC) == 0)
field = &secs->btf_data;
else if (strcmp(name, BTF_EXT_ELF_SEC) == 0)
field = &secs->btf_ext_data;
else if (strcmp(name, BTF_BASE_ELF_SEC) == 0)
field = &secs->btf_base_data;
else
continue;
data = elf_getdata(scn, 0);
if (!data) {
pr_warn("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s\n",
idx, name, path);
goto err;
}
*field = data;
}
return 0;
err:
return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
}
static struct btf *btf_parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf,
struct btf_ext **btf_ext)
{
struct btf_elf_secs secs = {};
struct btf *dist_base_btf = NULL;
struct btf *btf = NULL;
int err = 0, fd = -1;
Elf *elf = NULL;
if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
pr_warn("failed to init libelf for %s\n", path);
return ERR_PTR(-LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF);
}
fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0) {
err = -errno;
pr_warn("failed to open %s: %s\n", path, errstr(err));
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
elf = elf_begin(fd, ELF_C_READ, NULL);
if (!elf) {
pr_warn("failed to open %s as ELF file\n", path);
goto done;
}
err = btf_find_elf_sections(elf, path, &secs);
if (err)
goto done;
if (!secs.btf_data) {
pr_warn("failed to find '%s' ELF section in %s\n", BTF_ELF_SEC, path);
err = -ENODATA;
goto done;
}
if (secs.btf_base_data) {
dist_base_btf = btf_new(secs.btf_base_data->d_buf, secs.btf_base_data->d_size,
NULL);
if (IS_ERR(dist_base_btf)) {
err = PTR_ERR(dist_base_btf);
dist_base_btf = NULL;
goto done;
}
}
btf = btf_new(secs.btf_data->d_buf, secs.btf_data->d_size,
dist_base_btf ?: base_btf);
if (IS_ERR(btf)) {
err = PTR_ERR(btf);
goto done;
}
if (dist_base_btf && base_btf) {
err = btf__relocate(btf, base_btf);
if (err)
goto done;
btf__free(dist_base_btf);
dist_base_btf = NULL;
}
if (dist_base_btf)
btf->owns_base = true;
switch (gelf_getclass(elf)) {
case ELFCLASS32:
btf__set_pointer_size(btf, 4);
break;
case ELFCLASS64:
btf__set_pointer_size(btf, 8);
break;
default:
pr_warn("failed to get ELF class (bitness) for %s\n", path);
break;
}
if (btf_ext && secs.btf_ext_data) {
*btf_ext = btf_ext__new(secs.btf_ext_data->d_buf, secs.btf_ext_data->d_size);
if (IS_ERR(*btf_ext)) {
err = PTR_ERR(*btf_ext);
goto done;
}
} else if (btf_ext) {
*btf_ext = NULL;
}
done:
if (elf)
elf_end(elf);
close(fd);
if (!err)
return btf;
if (btf_ext)
btf_ext__free(*btf_ext);
btf__free(dist_base_btf);
btf__free(btf);
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
struct btf *btf__parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf_ext **btf_ext)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_elf(path, NULL, btf_ext));
}
struct btf *btf__parse_elf_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_elf(path, base_btf, NULL));
}
static struct btf *btf_parse_raw(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf)
{
struct btf *btf = NULL;
void *data = NULL;
FILE *f = NULL;
__u16 magic;
int err = 0;
long sz;
f = fopen(path, "rbe");
if (!f) {
err = -errno;
goto err_out;
}
/* check BTF magic */
if (fread(&magic, 1, sizeof(magic), f) < sizeof(magic)) {
err = -EIO;
goto err_out;
}
if (magic != BTF_MAGIC && magic != bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) {
/* definitely not a raw BTF */
err = -EPROTO;
goto err_out;
}
/* get file size */
if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END)) {
err = -errno;
goto err_out;
}
sz = ftell(f);
if (sz < 0) {
err = -errno;
goto err_out;
}
/* rewind to the start */
if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET)) {
err = -errno;
goto err_out;
}
/* pre-alloc memory and read all of BTF data */
data = malloc(sz);
if (!data) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto err_out;
}
if (fread(data, 1, sz, f) < sz) {
err = -EIO;
goto err_out;
}
/* finally parse BTF data */
btf = btf_new(data, sz, base_btf);
err_out:
free(data);
if (f)
fclose(f);
return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : btf;
}
struct btf *btf__parse_raw(const char *path)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_raw(path, NULL));
}
struct btf *btf__parse_raw_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_raw(path, base_btf));
}
static struct btf *btf_parse(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf, struct btf_ext **btf_ext)
{
struct btf *btf;
int err;
if (btf_ext)
*btf_ext = NULL;
btf = btf_parse_raw(path, base_btf);
err = libbpf_get_error(btf);
if (!err)
return btf;
if (err != -EPROTO)
return ERR_PTR(err);
return btf_parse_elf(path, base_btf, btf_ext);
}
struct btf *btf__parse(const char *path, struct btf_ext **btf_ext)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse(path, NULL, btf_ext));
}
struct btf *btf__parse_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf)
{
return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse(path, base_btf, NULL));
}
static void *btf_get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size, bool swap_endian);
int btf_load_into_kernel(struct btf *btf,
char *log_buf, size_t log_sz, __u32 log_level,
int token_fd)
{
LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_btf_load_opts, opts);
__u32 buf_sz = 0, raw_size;
char *buf = NULL, *tmp;
void *raw_data;
int err = 0;
if (btf->fd >= 0)
return libbpf_err(-EEXIST);
if (log_sz && !log_buf)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* cache native raw data representation */
raw_data = btf_get_raw_data(btf, &raw_size, false);
if (!raw_data) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
btf->raw_size = raw_size;
btf->raw_data = raw_data;
retry_load:
/* if log_level is 0, we won't provide log_buf/log_size to the kernel,
* initially. Only if BTF loading fails, we bump log_level to 1 and
* retry, using either auto-allocated or custom log_buf. This way
* non-NULL custom log_buf provides a buffer just in case, but hopes
* for successful load and no need for log_buf.
*/
if (log_level) {
/* if caller didn't provide custom log_buf, we'll keep
* allocating our own progressively bigger buffers for BTF
* verification log
*/
if (!log_buf) {
buf_sz = max((__u32)BPF_LOG_BUF_SIZE, buf_sz * 2);
tmp = realloc(buf, buf_sz);
if (!tmp) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
buf = tmp;
buf[0] = '\0';
}
opts.log_buf = log_buf ? log_buf : buf;
opts.log_size = log_buf ? log_sz : buf_sz;
opts.log_level = log_level;
}
opts.token_fd = token_fd;
if (token_fd)
opts.btf_flags |= BPF_F_TOKEN_FD;
btf->fd = bpf_btf_load(raw_data, raw_size, &opts);
if (btf->fd < 0) {
/* time to turn on verbose mode and try again */
if (log_level == 0) {
log_level = 1;
goto retry_load;
}
/* only retry if caller didn't provide custom log_buf, but
* make sure we can never overflow buf_sz
*/
if (!log_buf && errno == ENOSPC && buf_sz <= UINT_MAX / 2)
goto retry_load;
err = -errno;
pr_warn("BTF loading error: %s\n", errstr(err));
/* don't print out contents of custom log_buf */
if (!log_buf && buf[0])
pr_warn("-- BEGIN BTF LOAD LOG ---\n%s\n-- END BTF LOAD LOG --\n", buf);
}
done:
free(buf);
return libbpf_err(err);
}
int btf__load_into_kernel(struct btf *btf)
{
return btf_load_into_kernel(btf, NULL, 0, 0, 0);
}
int btf__fd(const struct btf *btf)
{
return btf->fd;
}
void btf__set_fd(struct btf *btf, int fd)
{
btf->fd = fd;
}
static const void *btf_strs_data(const struct btf *btf)
{
return btf->strs_data ? btf->strs_data : strset__data(btf->strs_set);
}
static void *btf_get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size, bool swap_endian)
{
struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr;
struct btf_type *t;
void *data, *p;
__u32 data_sz;
int i;
data = swap_endian ? btf->raw_data_swapped : btf->raw_data;
if (data) {
*size = btf->raw_size;
return data;
}
data_sz = hdr->hdr_len + hdr->type_len + hdr->str_len;
data = calloc(1, data_sz);
if (!data)
return NULL;
p = data;
memcpy(p, hdr, hdr->hdr_len);
if (swap_endian)
btf_bswap_hdr(p);
p += hdr->hdr_len;
memcpy(p, btf->types_data, hdr->type_len);
if (swap_endian) {
for (i = 0; i < btf->nr_types; i++) {
t = p + btf->type_offs[i];
/* btf_bswap_type_rest() relies on native t->info, so
* we swap base type info after we swapped all the
* additional information
*/
if (btf_bswap_type_rest(t))
goto err_out;
btf_bswap_type_base(t);
}
}
p += hdr->type_len;
memcpy(p, btf_strs_data(btf), hdr->str_len);
p += hdr->str_len;
*size = data_sz;
return data;
err_out:
free(data);
return NULL;
}
const void *btf__raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size)
{
struct btf *btf = (struct btf *)btf_ro;
__u32 data_sz;
void *data;
data = btf_get_raw_data(btf, &data_sz, btf->swapped_endian);
if (!data)
return errno = ENOMEM, NULL;
btf->raw_size = data_sz;
if (btf->swapped_endian)
btf->raw_data_swapped = data;
else
btf->raw_data = data;
*size = data_sz;
return data;
}
__attribute__((alias("btf__raw_data")))
const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size);
const char *btf__str_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset)
{
if (offset < btf->start_str_off)
return btf__str_by_offset(btf->base_btf, offset);
else if (offset - btf->start_str_off < btf->hdr->str_len)
return btf_strs_data(btf) + (offset - btf->start_str_off);
else
return errno = EINVAL, NULL;
}
const char *btf__name_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset)
{
return btf__str_by_offset(btf, offset);
}
struct btf *btf_get_from_fd(int btf_fd, struct btf *base_btf)
{
struct bpf_btf_info btf_info;
__u32 len = sizeof(btf_info);
__u32 last_size;
struct btf *btf;
void *ptr;
int err;
/* we won't know btf_size until we call bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(). so
* let's start with a sane default - 4KiB here - and resize it only if
* bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd() needs a bigger buffer.
*/
last_size = 4096;
ptr = malloc(last_size);
if (!ptr)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
memset(&btf_info, 0, sizeof(btf_info));
btf_info.btf = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
btf_info.btf_size = last_size;
err = bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(btf_fd, &btf_info, &len);
if (!err && btf_info.btf_size > last_size) {
void *temp_ptr;
last_size = btf_info.btf_size;
temp_ptr = realloc(ptr, last_size);
if (!temp_ptr) {
btf = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
goto exit_free;
}
ptr = temp_ptr;
len = sizeof(btf_info);
memset(&btf_info, 0, sizeof(btf_info));
btf_info.btf = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
btf_info.btf_size = last_size;
err = bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(btf_fd, &btf_info, &len);
}
if (err || btf_info.btf_size > last_size) {
btf = err ? ERR_PTR(-errno) : ERR_PTR(-E2BIG);
goto exit_free;
}
btf = btf_new(ptr, btf_info.btf_size, base_btf);
exit_free:
free(ptr);
return btf;
}
struct btf *btf__load_from_kernel_by_id_split(__u32 id, struct btf *base_btf)
{
struct btf *btf;
int btf_fd;
btf_fd = bpf_btf_get_fd_by_id(id);
if (btf_fd < 0)
return libbpf_err_ptr(-errno);
btf = btf_get_from_fd(btf_fd, base_btf);
close(btf_fd);
return libbpf_ptr(btf);
}
struct btf *btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(__u32 id)
{
return btf__load_from_kernel_by_id_split(id, NULL);
}
static void btf_invalidate_raw_data(struct btf *btf)
{
if (btf->raw_data) {
free(btf->raw_data);
btf->raw_data = NULL;
}
if (btf->raw_data_swapped) {
free(btf->raw_data_swapped);
btf->raw_data_swapped = NULL;
}
}
/* Ensure BTF is ready to be modified (by splitting into a three memory
* regions for header, types, and strings). Also invalidate cached
* raw_data, if any.
*/
static int btf_ensure_modifiable(struct btf *btf)
{
void *hdr, *types;
struct strset *set = NULL;
int err = -ENOMEM;
if (btf_is_modifiable(btf)) {
/* any BTF modification invalidates raw_data */
btf_invalidate_raw_data(btf);
return 0;
}
/* split raw data into three memory regions */
hdr = malloc(btf->hdr->hdr_len);
types = malloc(btf->hdr->type_len);
if (!hdr || !types)
goto err_out;
memcpy(hdr, btf->hdr, btf->hdr->hdr_len);
memcpy(types, btf->types_data, btf->hdr->type_len);
/* build lookup index for all strings */
set = strset__new(BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET, btf->strs_data, btf->hdr->str_len);
if (IS_ERR(set)) {
err = PTR_ERR(set);
goto err_out;
}
/* only when everything was successful, update internal state */
btf->hdr = hdr;
btf->types_data = types;
btf->types_data_cap = btf->hdr->type_len;
btf->strs_data = NULL;
btf->strs_set = set;
/* if BTF was created from scratch, all strings are guaranteed to be
* unique and deduplicated
*/
if (btf->hdr->str_len == 0)
btf->strs_deduped = true;
if (!btf->base_btf && btf->hdr->str_len == 1)
btf->strs_deduped = true;
/* invalidate raw_data representation */
btf_invalidate_raw_data(btf);
return 0;
err_out:
strset__free(set);
free(hdr);
free(types);
return err;
}
/* Find an offset in BTF string section that corresponds to a given string *s*.
* Returns:
* - >0 offset into string section, if string is found;
* - -ENOENT, if string is not in the string section;
* - <0, on any other error.
*/
int btf__find_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s)
{
int off;
if (btf->base_btf) {
off = btf__find_str(btf->base_btf, s);
if (off != -ENOENT)
return off;
}
/* BTF needs to be in a modifiable state to build string lookup index */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
off = strset__find_str(btf->strs_set, s);
if (off < 0)
return libbpf_err(off);
return btf->start_str_off + off;
}
/* Add a string s to the BTF string section.
* Returns:
* - > 0 offset into string section, on success;
* - < 0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s)
{
int off;
if (btf->base_btf) {
off = btf__find_str(btf->base_btf, s);
if (off != -ENOENT)
return off;
}
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
off = strset__add_str(btf->strs_set, s);
if (off < 0)
return libbpf_err(off);
btf->hdr->str_len = strset__data_size(btf->strs_set);
return btf->start_str_off + off;
}
static void *btf_add_type_mem(struct btf *btf, size_t add_sz)
{
return libbpf_add_mem(&btf->types_data, &btf->types_data_cap, 1,
btf->hdr->type_len, UINT_MAX, add_sz);
}
static void btf_type_inc_vlen(struct btf_type *t)
{
t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t) + 1, btf_kflag(t));
}
static int btf_commit_type(struct btf *btf, int data_sz)
{
int err;
err = btf_add_type_idx_entry(btf, btf->hdr->type_len);
if (err)
return libbpf_err(err);
btf->hdr->type_len += data_sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += data_sz;
btf->nr_types++;
return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1;
}
struct btf_pipe {
const struct btf *src;
struct btf *dst;
struct hashmap *str_off_map; /* map string offsets from src to dst */
};
static int btf_rewrite_str(struct btf_pipe *p, __u32 *str_off)
{
long mapped_off;
int off, err;
if (!*str_off) /* nothing to do for empty strings */
return 0;
if (p->str_off_map &&
hashmap__find(p->str_off_map, *str_off, &mapped_off)) {
*str_off = mapped_off;
return 0;
}
off = btf__add_str(p->dst, btf__str_by_offset(p->src, *str_off));
if (off < 0)
return off;
/* Remember string mapping from src to dst. It avoids
* performing expensive string comparisons.
*/
if (p->str_off_map) {
err = hashmap__append(p->str_off_map, *str_off, off);
if (err)
return err;
}
*str_off = off;
return 0;
}
static int btf_add_type(struct btf_pipe *p, const struct btf_type *src_type)
{
struct btf_field_iter it;
struct btf_type *t;
__u32 *str_off;
int sz, err;
sz = btf_type_size(src_type);
if (sz < 0)
return libbpf_err(sz);
/* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(p->dst))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
t = btf_add_type_mem(p->dst, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
memcpy(t, src_type, sz);
err = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_STRS);
if (err)
return libbpf_err(err);
while ((str_off = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
err = btf_rewrite_str(p, str_off);
if (err)
return libbpf_err(err);
}
return btf_commit_type(p->dst, sz);
}
int btf__add_type(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf, const struct btf_type *src_type)
{
struct btf_pipe p = { .src = src_btf, .dst = btf };
return btf_add_type(&p, src_type);
}
static size_t btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx);
static bool btf_dedup_equal_fn(long k1, long k2, void *ctx);
int btf__add_btf(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf)
{
struct btf_pipe p = { .src = src_btf, .dst = btf };
int data_sz, sz, cnt, i, err, old_strs_len;
__u32 *off;
void *t;
/* appending split BTF isn't supported yet */
if (src_btf->base_btf)
return libbpf_err(-ENOTSUP);
/* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* remember original strings section size if we have to roll back
* partial strings section changes
*/
old_strs_len = btf->hdr->str_len;
data_sz = src_btf->hdr->type_len;
cnt = btf__type_cnt(src_btf) - 1;
/* pre-allocate enough memory for new types */
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, data_sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* pre-allocate enough memory for type offset index for new types */
off = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, cnt);
if (!off)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* Map the string offsets from src_btf to the offsets from btf to improve performance */
p.str_off_map = hashmap__new(btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(p.str_off_map))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* bulk copy types data for all types from src_btf */
memcpy(t, src_btf->types_data, data_sz);
for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
struct btf_field_iter it;
__u32 *type_id, *str_off;
sz = btf_type_size(t);
if (sz < 0) {
/* unlikely, has to be corrupted src_btf */
err = sz;
goto err_out;
}
/* fill out type ID to type offset mapping for lookups by type ID */
*off = t - btf->types_data;
/* add, dedup, and remap strings referenced by this BTF type */
err = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_STRS);
if (err)
goto err_out;
while ((str_off = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
err = btf_rewrite_str(&p, str_off);
if (err)
goto err_out;
}
/* remap all type IDs referenced from this BTF type */
err = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_IDS);
if (err)
goto err_out;
while ((type_id = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
if (!*type_id) /* nothing to do for VOID references */
continue;
/* we haven't updated btf's type count yet, so
* btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1 is the type ID offset we should
* add to all newly added BTF types
*/
*type_id += btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1;
}
/* go to next type data and type offset index entry */
t += sz;
off++;
}
/* Up until now any of the copied type data was effectively invisible,
* so if we exited early before this point due to error, BTF would be
* effectively unmodified. There would be extra internal memory
* pre-allocated, but it would not be available for querying. But now
* that we've copied and rewritten all the data successfully, we can
* update type count and various internal offsets and sizes to
* "commit" the changes and made them visible to the outside world.
*/
btf->hdr->type_len += data_sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += data_sz;
btf->nr_types += cnt;
hashmap__free(p.str_off_map);
/* return type ID of the first added BTF type */
return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - cnt;
err_out:
/* zero out preallocated memory as if it was just allocated with
* libbpf_add_mem()
*/
memset(btf->types_data + btf->hdr->type_len, 0, data_sz);
memset(btf->strs_data + old_strs_len, 0, btf->hdr->str_len - old_strs_len);
/* and now restore original strings section size; types data size
* wasn't modified, so doesn't need restoring, see big comment above
*/
btf->hdr->str_len = old_strs_len;
hashmap__free(p.str_off_map);
return libbpf_err(err);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_INT type with:
* - *name* - non-empty, non-NULL type name;
* - *sz* - power-of-2 (1, 2, 4, ..) size of the type, in bytes;
* - encoding is a combination of BTF_INT_SIGNED, BTF_INT_CHAR, BTF_INT_BOOL.
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_int(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz, int encoding)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off;
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* byte_sz must be power of 2 */
if (!byte_sz || (byte_sz & (byte_sz - 1)) || byte_sz > 16)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (encoding & ~(BTF_INT_SIGNED | BTF_INT_CHAR | BTF_INT_BOOL))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(int);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* if something goes wrong later, we might end up with an extra string,
* but that shouldn't be a problem, because BTF can't be constructed
* completely anyway and will most probably be just discarded
*/
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_INT, 0, 0);
t->size = byte_sz;
/* set INT info, we don't allow setting legacy bit offset/size */
*(__u32 *)(t + 1) = (encoding << 24) | (byte_sz * 8);
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_FLOAT type with:
* - *name* - non-empty, non-NULL type name;
* - *sz* - size of the type, in bytes;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_float(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off;
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* byte_sz must be one of the explicitly allowed values */
if (byte_sz != 2 && byte_sz != 4 && byte_sz != 8 && byte_sz != 12 &&
byte_sz != 16)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FLOAT, 0, 0);
t->size = byte_sz;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/* it's completely legal to append BTF types with type IDs pointing forward to
* types that haven't been appended yet, so we only make sure that id looks
* sane, we can't guarantee that ID will always be valid
*/
static int validate_type_id(int id)
{
if (id < 0 || id > BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES)
return -EINVAL;
return 0;
}
/* generic append function for PTR, TYPEDEF, CONST/VOLATILE/RESTRICT */
static int btf_add_ref_kind(struct btf *btf, int kind, const char *name, int ref_type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off = 0;
if (validate_type_id(ref_type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
if (name && name[0]) {
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
}
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, 0);
t->type = ref_type_id;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_PTR type with:
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_ptr(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id)
{
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_PTR, NULL, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_ARRAY type with:
* - *index_type_id* - type ID of the type describing array index;
* - *elem_type_id* - type ID of the type describing array element;
* - *nr_elems* - the size of the array;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_array(struct btf *btf, int index_type_id, int elem_type_id, __u32 nr_elems)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_array *a;
int sz;
if (validate_type_id(index_type_id) || validate_type_id(elem_type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_array);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
t->name_off = 0;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_ARRAY, 0, 0);
t->size = 0;
a = btf_array(t);
a->type = elem_type_id;
a->index_type = index_type_id;
a->nelems = nr_elems;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/* generic STRUCT/UNION append function */
static int btf_add_composite(struct btf *btf, int kind, const char *name, __u32 bytes_sz)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off = 0;
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
if (name && name[0]) {
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
}
/* start out with vlen=0 and no kflag; this will be adjusted when
* adding each member
*/
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, 0);
t->size = bytes_sz;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_STRUCT type with:
* - *name* - name of the struct, can be NULL or empty for anonymous structs;
* - *byte_sz* - size of the struct, in bytes;
*
* Struct initially has no fields in it. Fields can be added by
* btf__add_field() right after btf__add_struct() succeeds.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_struct(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz)
{
return btf_add_composite(btf, BTF_KIND_STRUCT, name, byte_sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_UNION type with:
* - *name* - name of the union, can be NULL or empty for anonymous union;
* - *byte_sz* - size of the union, in bytes;
*
* Union initially has no fields in it. Fields can be added by
* btf__add_field() right after btf__add_union() succeeds. All fields
* should have *bit_offset* of 0.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_union(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz)
{
return btf_add_composite(btf, BTF_KIND_UNION, name, byte_sz);
}
static struct btf_type *btf_last_type(struct btf *btf)
{
return btf_type_by_id(btf, btf__type_cnt(btf) - 1);
}
/*
* Append new field for the current STRUCT/UNION type with:
* - *name* - name of the field, can be NULL or empty for anonymous field;
* - *type_id* - type ID for the type describing field type;
* - *bit_offset* - bit offset of the start of the field within struct/union;
* - *bit_size* - bit size of a bitfield, 0 for non-bitfield fields;
* Returns:
* - 0, on success;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_field(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int type_id,
__u32 bit_offset, __u32 bit_size)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_member *m;
bool is_bitfield;
int sz, name_off = 0;
/* last type should be union/struct */
if (btf->nr_types == 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
t = btf_last_type(btf);
if (!btf_is_composite(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (validate_type_id(type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* best-effort bit field offset/size enforcement */
is_bitfield = bit_size || (bit_offset % 8 != 0);
if (is_bitfield && (bit_size == 0 || bit_size > 255 || bit_offset > 0xffffff))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* only offset 0 is allowed for unions */
if (btf_is_union(t) && bit_offset)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* decompose and invalidate raw data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_member);
m = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!m)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
if (name && name[0]) {
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
}
m->name_off = name_off;
m->type = type_id;
m->offset = bit_offset | (bit_size << 24);
/* btf_add_type_mem can invalidate t pointer */
t = btf_last_type(btf);
/* update parent type's vlen and kflag */
t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t) + 1, is_bitfield || btf_kflag(t));
btf->hdr->type_len += sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += sz;
return 0;
}
static int btf_add_enum_common(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz,
bool is_signed, __u8 kind)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off = 0;
/* byte_sz must be power of 2 */
if (!byte_sz || (byte_sz & (byte_sz - 1)) || byte_sz > 8)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
if (name && name[0]) {
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
}
/* start out with vlen=0; it will be adjusted when adding enum values */
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, is_signed);
t->size = byte_sz;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_ENUM type with:
* - *name* - name of the enum, can be NULL or empty for anonymous enums;
* - *byte_sz* - size of the enum, in bytes.
*
* Enum initially has no enum values in it (and corresponds to enum forward
* declaration). Enumerator values can be added by btf__add_enum_value()
* immediately after btf__add_enum() succeeds.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_enum(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz)
{
/*
* set the signedness to be unsigned, it will change to signed
* if any later enumerator is negative.
*/
return btf_add_enum_common(btf, name, byte_sz, false, BTF_KIND_ENUM);
}
/*
* Append new enum value for the current ENUM type with:
* - *name* - name of the enumerator value, can't be NULL or empty;
* - *value* - integer value corresponding to enum value *name*;
* Returns:
* - 0, on success;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_enum_value(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __s64 value)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_enum *v;
int sz, name_off;
/* last type should be BTF_KIND_ENUM */
if (btf->nr_types == 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
t = btf_last_type(btf);
if (!btf_is_enum(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (value < INT_MIN || value > UINT_MAX)
return libbpf_err(-E2BIG);
/* decompose and invalidate raw data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_enum);
v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!v)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
v->name_off = name_off;
v->val = value;
/* update parent type's vlen */
t = btf_last_type(btf);
btf_type_inc_vlen(t);
/* if negative value, set signedness to signed */
if (value < 0)
t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t), true);
btf->hdr->type_len += sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += sz;
return 0;
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_ENUM64 type with:
* - *name* - name of the enum, can be NULL or empty for anonymous enums;
* - *byte_sz* - size of the enum, in bytes.
* - *is_signed* - whether the enum values are signed or not;
*
* Enum initially has no enum values in it (and corresponds to enum forward
* declaration). Enumerator values can be added by btf__add_enum64_value()
* immediately after btf__add_enum64() succeeds.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_enum64(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz,
bool is_signed)
{
return btf_add_enum_common(btf, name, byte_sz, is_signed,
BTF_KIND_ENUM64);
}
/*
* Append new enum value for the current ENUM64 type with:
* - *name* - name of the enumerator value, can't be NULL or empty;
* - *value* - integer value corresponding to enum value *name*;
* Returns:
* - 0, on success;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_enum64_value(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u64 value)
{
struct btf_enum64 *v;
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off;
/* last type should be BTF_KIND_ENUM64 */
if (btf->nr_types == 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
t = btf_last_type(btf);
if (!btf_is_enum64(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* decompose and invalidate raw data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_enum64);
v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!v)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
v->name_off = name_off;
v->val_lo32 = (__u32)value;
v->val_hi32 = value >> 32;
/* update parent type's vlen */
t = btf_last_type(btf);
btf_type_inc_vlen(t);
btf->hdr->type_len += sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += sz;
return 0;
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_FWD type with:
* - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name;
* - *fwd_kind*, kind of forward declaration, one of BTF_FWD_STRUCT,
* BTF_FWD_UNION, or BTF_FWD_ENUM;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_fwd(struct btf *btf, const char *name, enum btf_fwd_kind fwd_kind)
{
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
switch (fwd_kind) {
case BTF_FWD_STRUCT:
case BTF_FWD_UNION: {
struct btf_type *t;
int id;
id = btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_FWD, name, 0);
if (id <= 0)
return id;
t = btf_type_by_id(btf, id);
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FWD, 0, fwd_kind == BTF_FWD_UNION);
return id;
}
case BTF_FWD_ENUM:
/* enum forward in BTF currently is just an enum with no enum
* values; we also assume a standard 4-byte size for it
*/
return btf__add_enum(btf, name, sizeof(int));
default:
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
}
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KING_TYPEDEF type with:
* - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name;
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_typedef(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int ref_type_id)
{
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF, name, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_VOLATILE type with:
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_volatile(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id)
{
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_VOLATILE, NULL, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_CONST type with:
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_const(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id)
{
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_CONST, NULL, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_RESTRICT type with:
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_restrict(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id)
{
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_RESTRICT, NULL, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG type with:
* - *value*, non-empty/non-NULL tag value;
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_type_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id)
{
if (!value || !value[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG, value, ref_type_id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_FUNC type with:
* - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name;
* - *proto_type_id* - FUNC_PROTO's type ID, it might not exist yet;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_func(struct btf *btf, const char *name,
enum btf_func_linkage linkage, int proto_type_id)
{
int id;
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (linkage != BTF_FUNC_STATIC && linkage != BTF_FUNC_GLOBAL &&
linkage != BTF_FUNC_EXTERN)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
id = btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_FUNC, name, proto_type_id);
if (id > 0) {
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(btf, id);
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FUNC, linkage, 0);
}
return libbpf_err(id);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO with:
* - *ret_type_id* - type ID for return result of a function.
*
* Function prototype initially has no arguments, but they can be added by
* btf__add_func_param() one by one, immediately after
* btf__add_func_proto() succeeded.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_func_proto(struct btf *btf, int ret_type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz;
if (validate_type_id(ret_type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
/* start out with vlen=0; this will be adjusted when adding enum
* values, if necessary
*/
t->name_off = 0;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO, 0, 0);
t->type = ret_type_id;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new function parameter for current FUNC_PROTO type with:
* - *name* - parameter name, can be NULL or empty;
* - *type_id* - type ID describing the type of the parameter.
* Returns:
* - 0, on success;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_func_param(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_param *p;
int sz, name_off = 0;
if (validate_type_id(type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* last type should be BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO */
if (btf->nr_types == 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
t = btf_last_type(btf);
if (!btf_is_func_proto(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* decompose and invalidate raw data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_param);
p = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!p)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
if (name && name[0]) {
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
}
p->name_off = name_off;
p->type = type_id;
/* update parent type's vlen */
t = btf_last_type(btf);
btf_type_inc_vlen(t);
btf->hdr->type_len += sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += sz;
return 0;
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_VAR type with:
* - *name* - non-empty/non-NULL name;
* - *linkage* - variable linkage, one of BTF_VAR_STATIC,
* BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED, or BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_EXTERN;
* - *type_id* - type ID of the type describing the type of the variable.
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_var(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int linkage, int type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_var *v;
int sz, name_off;
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (linkage != BTF_VAR_STATIC && linkage != BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED &&
linkage != BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_EXTERN)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (validate_type_id(type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_var);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_VAR, 0, 0);
t->type = type_id;
v = btf_var(t);
v->linkage = linkage;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_DATASEC type with:
* - *name* - non-empty/non-NULL name;
* - *byte_sz* - data section size, in bytes.
*
* Data section is initially empty. Variables info can be added with
* btf__add_datasec_var_info() calls, after btf__add_datasec() succeeds.
*
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_datasec(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, name_off;
/* non-empty name */
if (!name || !name[0])
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name);
if (name_off < 0)
return name_off;
/* start with vlen=0, which will be update as var_secinfos are added */
t->name_off = name_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_DATASEC, 0, 0);
t->size = byte_sz;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
/*
* Append new data section variable information entry for current DATASEC type:
* - *var_type_id* - type ID, describing type of the variable;
* - *offset* - variable offset within data section, in bytes;
* - *byte_sz* - variable size, in bytes.
*
* Returns:
* - 0, on success;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_datasec_var_info(struct btf *btf, int var_type_id, __u32 offset, __u32 byte_sz)
{
struct btf_type *t;
struct btf_var_secinfo *v;
int sz;
/* last type should be BTF_KIND_DATASEC */
if (btf->nr_types == 0)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
t = btf_last_type(btf);
if (!btf_is_datasec(t))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (validate_type_id(var_type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
/* decompose and invalidate raw data */
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_var_secinfo);
v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!v)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
v->type = var_type_id;
v->offset = offset;
v->size = byte_sz;
/* update parent type's vlen */
t = btf_last_type(btf);
btf_type_inc_vlen(t);
btf->hdr->type_len += sz;
btf->hdr->str_off += sz;
return 0;
}
/*
* Append new BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG type with:
* - *value* - non-empty/non-NULL string;
* - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet;
* - *component_idx* - -1 for tagging reference type, otherwise struct/union
* member or function argument index;
* Returns:
* - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type;
* - <0, on error.
*/
int btf__add_decl_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id,
int component_idx)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int sz, value_off;
if (!value || !value[0] || component_idx < -1)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (validate_type_id(ref_type_id))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf))
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag);
t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz);
if (!t)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
value_off = btf__add_str(btf, value);
if (value_off < 0)
return value_off;
t->name_off = value_off;
t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG, 0, false);
t->type = ref_type_id;
btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = component_idx;
return btf_commit_type(btf, sz);
}
struct btf_ext_sec_info_param {
__u32 off;
__u32 len;
__u32 min_rec_size;
struct btf_ext_info *ext_info;
const char *desc;
};
/*
* Parse a single info subsection of the BTF.ext info data:
* - validate subsection structure and elements
* - save info subsection start and sizing details in struct btf_ext
* - endian-independent operation, for calling before byte-swapping
*/
static int btf_ext_parse_sec_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
struct btf_ext_sec_info_param *ext_sec,
bool is_native)
{
const struct btf_ext_info_sec *sinfo;
struct btf_ext_info *ext_info;
__u32 info_left, record_size;
size_t sec_cnt = 0;
void *info;
if (ext_sec->len == 0)
return 0;
if (ext_sec->off & 0x03) {
pr_debug(".BTF.ext %s section is not aligned to 4 bytes\n",
ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* The start of the info sec (including the __u32 record_size). */
info = btf_ext->data + btf_ext->hdr->hdr_len + ext_sec->off;
info_left = ext_sec->len;
if (btf_ext->data + btf_ext->data_size < info + ext_sec->len) {
pr_debug("%s section (off:%u len:%u) is beyond the end of the ELF section .BTF.ext\n",
ext_sec->desc, ext_sec->off, ext_sec->len);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* At least a record size */
if (info_left < sizeof(__u32)) {
pr_debug(".BTF.ext %s record size not found\n", ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* The record size needs to meet either the minimum standard or, when
* handling non-native endianness data, the exact standard so as
* to allow safe byte-swapping.
*/
record_size = is_native ? *(__u32 *)info : bswap_32(*(__u32 *)info);
if (record_size < ext_sec->min_rec_size ||
(!is_native && record_size != ext_sec->min_rec_size) ||
record_size & 0x03) {
pr_debug("%s section in .BTF.ext has invalid record size %u\n",
ext_sec->desc, record_size);
return -EINVAL;
}
sinfo = info + sizeof(__u32);
info_left -= sizeof(__u32);
/* If no records, return failure now so .BTF.ext won't be used. */
if (!info_left) {
pr_debug("%s section in .BTF.ext has no records\n", ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
while (info_left) {
unsigned int sec_hdrlen = sizeof(struct btf_ext_info_sec);
__u64 total_record_size;
__u32 num_records;
if (info_left < sec_hdrlen) {
pr_debug("%s section header is not found in .BTF.ext\n",
ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
num_records = is_native ? sinfo->num_info : bswap_32(sinfo->num_info);
if (num_records == 0) {
pr_debug("%s section has incorrect num_records in .BTF.ext\n",
ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
total_record_size = sec_hdrlen + (__u64)num_records * record_size;
if (info_left < total_record_size) {
pr_debug("%s section has incorrect num_records in .BTF.ext\n",
ext_sec->desc);
return -EINVAL;
}
info_left -= total_record_size;
sinfo = (void *)sinfo + total_record_size;
sec_cnt++;
}
ext_info = ext_sec->ext_info;
ext_info->len = ext_sec->len - sizeof(__u32);
ext_info->rec_size = record_size;
ext_info->info = info + sizeof(__u32);
ext_info->sec_cnt = sec_cnt;
return 0;
}
/* Parse all info secs in the BTF.ext info data */
static int btf_ext_parse_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, bool is_native)
{
struct btf_ext_sec_info_param func_info = {
.off = btf_ext->hdr->func_info_off,
.len = btf_ext->hdr->func_info_len,
.min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_func_info_min),
.ext_info = &btf_ext->func_info,
.desc = "func_info"
};
struct btf_ext_sec_info_param line_info = {
.off = btf_ext->hdr->line_info_off,
.len = btf_ext->hdr->line_info_len,
.min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_line_info_min),
.ext_info = &btf_ext->line_info,
.desc = "line_info",
};
struct btf_ext_sec_info_param core_relo = {
.off = btf_ext->hdr->core_relo_off,
.len = btf_ext->hdr->core_relo_len,
.min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_core_relo),
.ext_info = &btf_ext->core_relo_info,
.desc = "core_relo",
};
int err;
err = btf_ext_parse_sec_info(btf_ext, &func_info, is_native);
if (err)
return err;
err = btf_ext_parse_sec_info(btf_ext, &line_info, is_native);
if (err)
return err;
if (btf_ext->hdr->hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, core_relo_len))
return 0; /* skip core relos parsing */
err = btf_ext_parse_sec_info(btf_ext, &core_relo, is_native);
if (err)
return err;
return 0;
}
/* Swap byte-order of BTF.ext header with any endianness */
static void btf_ext_bswap_hdr(struct btf_ext_header *h)
{
bool is_native = h->magic == BTF_MAGIC;
__u32 hdr_len;
hdr_len = is_native ? h->hdr_len : bswap_32(h->hdr_len);
h->magic = bswap_16(h->magic);
h->hdr_len = bswap_32(h->hdr_len);
h->func_info_off = bswap_32(h->func_info_off);
h->func_info_len = bswap_32(h->func_info_len);
h->line_info_off = bswap_32(h->line_info_off);
h->line_info_len = bswap_32(h->line_info_len);
if (hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, core_relo_len))
return;
h->core_relo_off = bswap_32(h->core_relo_off);
h->core_relo_len = bswap_32(h->core_relo_len);
}
/* Swap byte-order of generic info subsection */
static void btf_ext_bswap_info_sec(void *info, __u32 len, bool is_native,
info_rec_bswap_fn bswap_fn)
{
struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec;
__u32 info_left, rec_size, *rs;
if (len == 0)
return;
rs = info; /* info record size */
rec_size = is_native ? *rs : bswap_32(*rs);
*rs = bswap_32(*rs);
sec = info + sizeof(__u32); /* info sec #1 */
info_left = len - sizeof(__u32);
while (info_left) {
unsigned int sec_hdrlen = sizeof(struct btf_ext_info_sec);
__u32 i, num_recs;
void *p;
num_recs = is_native ? sec->num_info : bswap_32(sec->num_info);
sec->sec_name_off = bswap_32(sec->sec_name_off);
sec->num_info = bswap_32(sec->num_info);
p = sec->data; /* info rec #1 */
for (i = 0; i < num_recs; i++, p += rec_size)
bswap_fn(p);
sec = p;
info_left -= sec_hdrlen + (__u64)rec_size * num_recs;
}
}
/*
* Swap byte-order of all info data in a BTF.ext section
* - requires BTF.ext hdr in native endianness
*/
static void btf_ext_bswap_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, void *data)
{
const bool is_native = btf_ext->swapped_endian;
const struct btf_ext_header *h = data;
void *info;
/* Swap func_info subsection byte-order */
info = data + h->hdr_len + h->func_info_off;
btf_ext_bswap_info_sec(info, h->func_info_len, is_native,
(info_rec_bswap_fn)bpf_func_info_bswap);
/* Swap line_info subsection byte-order */
info = data + h->hdr_len + h->line_info_off;
btf_ext_bswap_info_sec(info, h->line_info_len, is_native,
(info_rec_bswap_fn)bpf_line_info_bswap);
/* Swap core_relo subsection byte-order (if present) */
if (h->hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, core_relo_len))
return;
info = data + h->hdr_len + h->core_relo_off;
btf_ext_bswap_info_sec(info, h->core_relo_len, is_native,
(info_rec_bswap_fn)bpf_core_relo_bswap);
}
/* Parse hdr data and info sections: check and convert to native endianness */
static int btf_ext_parse(struct btf_ext *btf_ext)
{
__u32 hdr_len, data_size = btf_ext->data_size;
struct btf_ext_header *hdr = btf_ext->hdr;
bool swapped_endian = false;
int err;
if (data_size < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, hdr_len)) {
pr_debug("BTF.ext header too short\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
hdr_len = hdr->hdr_len;
if (hdr->magic == bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) {
swapped_endian = true;
hdr_len = bswap_32(hdr_len);
} else if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) {
pr_debug("Invalid BTF.ext magic:%x\n", hdr->magic);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Ensure known version of structs, current BTF_VERSION == 1 */
if (hdr->version != 1) {
pr_debug("Unsupported BTF.ext version:%u\n", hdr->version);
return -ENOTSUP;
}
if (hdr->flags) {
pr_debug("Unsupported BTF.ext flags:%x\n", hdr->flags);
return -ENOTSUP;
}
if (data_size < hdr_len) {
pr_debug("BTF.ext header not found\n");
return -EINVAL;
} else if (data_size == hdr_len) {
pr_debug("BTF.ext has no data\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Verify mandatory hdr info details present */
if (hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, line_info_len)) {
pr_warn("BTF.ext header missing func_info, line_info\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Keep hdr native byte-order in memory for introspection */
if (swapped_endian)
btf_ext_bswap_hdr(btf_ext->hdr);
/* Validate info subsections and cache key metadata */
err = btf_ext_parse_info(btf_ext, !swapped_endian);
if (err)
return err;
/* Keep infos native byte-order in memory for introspection */
if (swapped_endian)
btf_ext_bswap_info(btf_ext, btf_ext->data);
/*
* Set btf_ext->swapped_endian only after all header and info data has
* been swapped, helping bswap functions determine if their data are
* in native byte-order when called.
*/
btf_ext->swapped_endian = swapped_endian;
return 0;
}
void btf_ext__free(struct btf_ext *btf_ext)
{
if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(btf_ext))
return;
free(btf_ext->func_info.sec_idxs);
free(btf_ext->line_info.sec_idxs);
free(btf_ext->core_relo_info.sec_idxs);
free(btf_ext->data);
free(btf_ext->data_swapped);
free(btf_ext);
}
struct btf_ext *btf_ext__new(const __u8 *data, __u32 size)
{
struct btf_ext *btf_ext;
int err;
btf_ext = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf_ext));
if (!btf_ext)
return libbpf_err_ptr(-ENOMEM);
btf_ext->data_size = size;
btf_ext->data = malloc(size);
if (!btf_ext->data) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
memcpy(btf_ext->data, data, size);
err = btf_ext_parse(btf_ext);
done:
if (err) {
btf_ext__free(btf_ext);
return libbpf_err_ptr(err);
}
return btf_ext;
}
static void *btf_ext_raw_data(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext_ro, bool swap_endian)
{
struct btf_ext *btf_ext = (struct btf_ext *)btf_ext_ro;
const __u32 data_sz = btf_ext->data_size;
void *data;
/* Return native data (always present) or swapped data if present */
if (!swap_endian)
return btf_ext->data;
else if (btf_ext->data_swapped)
return btf_ext->data_swapped;
/* Recreate missing swapped data, then cache and return */
data = calloc(1, data_sz);
if (!data)
return NULL;
memcpy(data, btf_ext->data, data_sz);
btf_ext_bswap_info(btf_ext, data);
btf_ext_bswap_hdr(data);
btf_ext->data_swapped = data;
return data;
}
const void *btf_ext__raw_data(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext, __u32 *size)
{
void *data;
data = btf_ext_raw_data(btf_ext, btf_ext->swapped_endian);
if (!data)
return errno = ENOMEM, NULL;
*size = btf_ext->data_size;
return data;
}
__attribute__((alias("btf_ext__raw_data")))
const void *btf_ext__get_raw_data(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext, __u32 *size);
enum btf_endianness btf_ext__endianness(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext)
{
if (is_host_big_endian())
return btf_ext->swapped_endian ? BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN : BTF_BIG_ENDIAN;
else
return btf_ext->swapped_endian ? BTF_BIG_ENDIAN : BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
}
int btf_ext__set_endianness(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, enum btf_endianness endian)
{
if (endian != BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN && endian != BTF_BIG_ENDIAN)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
btf_ext->swapped_endian = is_host_big_endian() != (endian == BTF_BIG_ENDIAN);
if (!btf_ext->swapped_endian) {
free(btf_ext->data_swapped);
btf_ext->data_swapped = NULL;
}
return 0;
}
struct btf_dedup;
static struct btf_dedup *btf_dedup_new(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts);
static void btf_dedup_free(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_prep(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_strings(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_prim_types(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_struct_types(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_ref_types(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_compact_types(struct btf_dedup *d);
static int btf_dedup_remap_types(struct btf_dedup *d);
/*
* Deduplicate BTF types and strings.
*
* BTF dedup algorithm takes as an input `struct btf` representing `.BTF` ELF
* section with all BTF type descriptors and string data. It overwrites that
* memory in-place with deduplicated types and strings without any loss of
* information. If optional `struct btf_ext` representing '.BTF.ext' ELF section
* is provided, all the strings referenced from .BTF.ext section are honored
* and updated to point to the right offsets after deduplication.
*
* If function returns with error, type/string data might be garbled and should
* be discarded.
*
* More verbose and detailed description of both problem btf_dedup is solving,
* as well as solution could be found at:
* https://facebookmicrosites.github.io/bpf/blog/2018/11/14/btf-enhancement.html
*
* Problem description and justification
* =====================================
*
* BTF type information is typically emitted either as a result of conversion
* from DWARF to BTF or directly by compiler. In both cases, each compilation
* unit contains information about a subset of all the types that are used
* in an application. These subsets are frequently overlapping and contain a lot
* of duplicated information when later concatenated together into a single
* binary. This algorithm ensures that each unique type is represented by single
* BTF type descriptor, greatly reducing resulting size of BTF data.
*
* Compilation unit isolation and subsequent duplication of data is not the only
* problem. The same type hierarchy (e.g., struct and all the type that struct
* references) in different compilation units can be represented in BTF to
* various degrees of completeness (or, rather, incompleteness) due to
* struct/union forward declarations.
*
* Let's take a look at an example, that we'll use to better understand the
* problem (and solution). Suppose we have two compilation units, each using
* same `struct S`, but each of them having incomplete type information about
* struct's fields:
*
* // CU #1:
* struct S;
* struct A {
* int a;
* struct A* self;
* struct S* parent;
* };
* struct B;
* struct S {
* struct A* a_ptr;
* struct B* b_ptr;
* };
*
* // CU #2:
* struct S;
* struct A;
* struct B {
* int b;
* struct B* self;
* struct S* parent;
* };
* struct S {
* struct A* a_ptr;
* struct B* b_ptr;
* };
*
* In case of CU #1, BTF data will know only that `struct B` exist (but no
* more), but will know the complete type information about `struct A`. While
* for CU #2, it will know full type information about `struct B`, but will
* only know about forward declaration of `struct A` (in BTF terms, it will
* have `BTF_KIND_FWD` type descriptor with name `B`).
*
* This compilation unit isolation means that it's possible that there is no
* single CU with complete type information describing structs `S`, `A`, and
* `B`. Also, we might get tons of duplicated and redundant type information.
*
* Additional complication we need to keep in mind comes from the fact that
* types, in general, can form graphs containing cycles, not just DAGs.
*
* While algorithm does deduplication, it also merges and resolves type
* information (unless disabled throught `struct btf_opts`), whenever possible.
* E.g., in the example above with two compilation units having partial type
* information for structs `A` and `B`, the output of algorithm will emit
* a single copy of each BTF type that describes structs `A`, `B`, and `S`
* (as well as type information for `int` and pointers), as if they were defined
* in a single compilation unit as:
*
* struct A {
* int a;
* struct A* self;
* struct S* parent;
* };
* struct B {
* int b;
* struct B* self;
* struct S* parent;
* };
* struct S {
* struct A* a_ptr;
* struct B* b_ptr;
* };
*
* Algorithm summary
* =================
*
* Algorithm completes its work in 7 separate passes:
*
* 1. Strings deduplication.
* 2. Primitive types deduplication (int, enum, fwd).
* 3. Struct/union types deduplication.
* 4. Resolve unambiguous forward declarations.
* 5. Reference types deduplication (pointers, typedefs, arrays, funcs, func
* protos, and const/volatile/restrict modifiers).
* 6. Types compaction.
* 7. Types remapping.
*
* Algorithm determines canonical type descriptor, which is a single
* representative type for each truly unique type. This canonical type is the
* one that will go into final deduplicated BTF type information. For
* struct/unions, it is also the type that algorithm will merge additional type
* information into (while resolving FWDs), as it discovers it from data in
* other CUs. Each input BTF type eventually gets either mapped to itself, if
* that type is canonical, or to some other type, if that type is equivalent
* and was chosen as canonical representative. This mapping is stored in
* `btf_dedup->map` array. This map is also used to record STRUCT/UNION that
* FWD type got resolved to.
*
* To facilitate fast discovery of canonical types, we also maintain canonical
* index (`btf_dedup->dedup_table`), which maps type descriptor's signature hash
* (i.e., hashed kind, name, size, fields, etc) into a list of canonical types
* that match that signature. With sufficiently good choice of type signature
* hashing function, we can limit number of canonical types for each unique type
* signature to a very small number, allowing to find canonical type for any
* duplicated type very quickly.
*
* Struct/union deduplication is the most critical part and algorithm for
* deduplicating structs/unions is described in greater details in comments for
* `btf_dedup_is_equiv` function.
*/
int btf__dedup(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts)
{
struct btf_dedup *d;
int err;
if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, btf_dedup_opts))
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
d = btf_dedup_new(btf, opts);
if (IS_ERR(d)) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_new failed: %ld\n", PTR_ERR(d));
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
}
if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_prep(d);
if (err) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_prep failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_strings(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_strings failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_prim_types(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_prim_types failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_struct_types(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_struct_types failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_resolve_fwds failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_ref_types(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_ref_types failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_compact_types(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_compact_types failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
err = btf_dedup_remap_types(d);
if (err < 0) {
pr_debug("btf_dedup_remap_types failed: %s\n", errstr(err));
goto done;
}
done:
btf_dedup_free(d);
return libbpf_err(err);
}
#define BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID ((__u32)-1)
#define BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID ((__u32)-2)
struct btf_dedup {
/* .BTF section to be deduped in-place */
struct btf *btf;
/*
* Optional .BTF.ext section. When provided, any strings referenced
* from it will be taken into account when deduping strings
*/
struct btf_ext *btf_ext;
/*
* This is a map from any type's signature hash to a list of possible
* canonical representative type candidates. Hash collisions are
* ignored, so even types of various kinds can share same list of
* candidates, which is fine because we rely on subsequent
* btf_xxx_equal() checks to authoritatively verify type equality.
*/
struct hashmap *dedup_table;
/* Canonical types map */
__u32 *map;
/* Hypothetical mapping, used during type graph equivalence checks */
__u32 *hypot_map;
__u32 *hypot_list;
size_t hypot_cnt;
size_t hypot_cap;
/* Whether hypothetical mapping, if successful, would need to adjust
* already canonicalized types (due to a new forward declaration to
* concrete type resolution). In such case, during split BTF dedup
* candidate type would still be considered as different, because base
* BTF is considered to be immutable.
*/
bool hypot_adjust_canon;
/* Various option modifying behavior of algorithm */
struct btf_dedup_opts opts;
/* temporary strings deduplication state */
struct strset *strs_set;
};
static long hash_combine(long h, long value)
{
return h * 31 + value;
}
#define for_each_dedup_cand(d, node, hash) \
hashmap__for_each_key_entry(d->dedup_table, node, hash)
static int btf_dedup_table_add(struct btf_dedup *d, long hash, __u32 type_id)
{
return hashmap__append(d->dedup_table, hash, type_id);
}
static int btf_dedup_hypot_map_add(struct btf_dedup *d,
__u32 from_id, __u32 to_id)
{
if (d->hypot_cnt == d->hypot_cap) {
__u32 *new_list;
d->hypot_cap += max((size_t)16, d->hypot_cap / 2);
new_list = libbpf_reallocarray(d->hypot_list, d->hypot_cap, sizeof(__u32));
if (!new_list)
return -ENOMEM;
d->hypot_list = new_list;
}
d->hypot_list[d->hypot_cnt++] = from_id;
d->hypot_map[from_id] = to_id;
return 0;
}
static void btf_dedup_clear_hypot_map(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < d->hypot_cnt; i++)
d->hypot_map[d->hypot_list[i]] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID;
d->hypot_cnt = 0;
d->hypot_adjust_canon = false;
}
static void btf_dedup_free(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
hashmap__free(d->dedup_table);
d->dedup_table = NULL;
free(d->map);
d->map = NULL;
free(d->hypot_map);
d->hypot_map = NULL;
free(d->hypot_list);
d->hypot_list = NULL;
free(d);
}
static size_t btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx)
{
return key;
}
static size_t btf_dedup_collision_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx)
{
return 0;
}
static bool btf_dedup_equal_fn(long k1, long k2, void *ctx)
{
return k1 == k2;
}
static struct btf_dedup *btf_dedup_new(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts)
{
struct btf_dedup *d = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf_dedup));
hashmap_hash_fn hash_fn = btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn;
int i, err = 0, type_cnt;
if (!d)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
if (OPTS_GET(opts, force_collisions, false))
hash_fn = btf_dedup_collision_hash_fn;
d->btf = btf;
d->btf_ext = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_ext, NULL);
d->dedup_table = hashmap__new(hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(d->dedup_table)) {
err = PTR_ERR(d->dedup_table);
d->dedup_table = NULL;
goto done;
}
type_cnt = btf__type_cnt(btf);
d->map = malloc(sizeof(__u32) * type_cnt);
if (!d->map) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
/* special BTF "void" type is made canonical immediately */
d->map[0] = 0;
for (i = 1; i < type_cnt; i++) {
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, i);
/* VAR and DATASEC are never deduped and are self-canonical */
if (btf_is_var(t) || btf_is_datasec(t))
d->map[i] = i;
else
d->map[i] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID;
}
d->hypot_map = malloc(sizeof(__u32) * type_cnt);
if (!d->hypot_map) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
for (i = 0; i < type_cnt; i++)
d->hypot_map[i] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID;
done:
if (err) {
btf_dedup_free(d);
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
return d;
}
/*
* Iterate over all possible places in .BTF and .BTF.ext that can reference
* string and pass pointer to it to a provided callback `fn`.
*/
static int btf_for_each_str_off(struct btf_dedup *d, str_off_visit_fn fn, void *ctx)
{
int i, r;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
struct btf_field_iter it;
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, d->btf->start_id + i);
__u32 *str_off;
r = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_STRS);
if (r)
return r;
while ((str_off = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
r = fn(str_off, ctx);
if (r)
return r;
}
}
if (!d->btf_ext)
return 0;
r = btf_ext_visit_str_offs(d->btf_ext, fn, ctx);
if (r)
return r;
return 0;
}
static int strs_dedup_remap_str_off(__u32 *str_off_ptr, void *ctx)
{
struct btf_dedup *d = ctx;
__u32 str_off = *str_off_ptr;
const char *s;
int off, err;
/* don't touch empty string or string in main BTF */
if (str_off == 0 || str_off < d->btf->start_str_off)
return 0;
s = btf__str_by_offset(d->btf, str_off);
if (d->btf->base_btf) {
err = btf__find_str(d->btf->base_btf, s);
if (err >= 0) {
*str_off_ptr = err;
return 0;
}
if (err != -ENOENT)
return err;
}
off = strset__add_str(d->strs_set, s);
if (off < 0)
return off;
*str_off_ptr = d->btf->start_str_off + off;
return 0;
}
/*
* Dedup string and filter out those that are not referenced from either .BTF
* or .BTF.ext (if provided) sections.
*
* This is done by building index of all strings in BTF's string section,
* then iterating over all entities that can reference strings (e.g., type
* names, struct field names, .BTF.ext line info, etc) and marking corresponding
* strings as used. After that all used strings are deduped and compacted into
* sequential blob of memory and new offsets are calculated. Then all the string
* references are iterated again and rewritten using new offsets.
*/
static int btf_dedup_strings(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int err;
if (d->btf->strs_deduped)
return 0;
d->strs_set = strset__new(BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET, NULL, 0);
if (IS_ERR(d->strs_set)) {
err = PTR_ERR(d->strs_set);
goto err_out;
}
if (!d->btf->base_btf) {
/* insert empty string; we won't be looking it up during strings
* dedup, but it's good to have it for generic BTF string lookups
*/
err = strset__add_str(d->strs_set, "");
if (err < 0)
goto err_out;
}
/* remap string offsets */
err = btf_for_each_str_off(d, strs_dedup_remap_str_off, d);
if (err)
goto err_out;
/* replace BTF string data and hash with deduped ones */
strset__free(d->btf->strs_set);
d->btf->hdr->str_len = strset__data_size(d->strs_set);
d->btf->strs_set = d->strs_set;
d->strs_set = NULL;
d->btf->strs_deduped = true;
return 0;
err_out:
strset__free(d->strs_set);
d->strs_set = NULL;
return err;
}
static long btf_hash_common(struct btf_type *t)
{
long h;
h = hash_combine(0, t->name_off);
h = hash_combine(h, t->info);
h = hash_combine(h, t->size);
return h;
}
static bool btf_equal_common(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
return t1->name_off == t2->name_off &&
t1->info == t2->info &&
t1->size == t2->size;
}
/* Calculate type signature hash of INT or TAG. */
static long btf_hash_int_decl_tag(struct btf_type *t)
{
__u32 info = *(__u32 *)(t + 1);
long h;
h = btf_hash_common(t);
h = hash_combine(h, info);
return h;
}
/* Check structural equality of two INTs or TAGs. */
static bool btf_equal_int_tag(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
__u32 info1, info2;
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
info1 = *(__u32 *)(t1 + 1);
info2 = *(__u32 *)(t2 + 1);
return info1 == info2;
}
/* Calculate type signature hash of ENUM/ENUM64. */
static long btf_hash_enum(struct btf_type *t)
{
long h;
/* don't hash vlen, enum members and size to support enum fwd resolving */
h = hash_combine(0, t->name_off);
return h;
}
static bool btf_equal_enum_members(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_enum *m1, *m2;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
vlen = btf_vlen(t1);
m1 = btf_enum(t1);
m2 = btf_enum(t2);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->val != m2->val)
return false;
m1++;
m2++;
}
return true;
}
static bool btf_equal_enum64_members(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_enum64 *m1, *m2;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
vlen = btf_vlen(t1);
m1 = btf_enum64(t1);
m2 = btf_enum64(t2);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->val_lo32 != m2->val_lo32 ||
m1->val_hi32 != m2->val_hi32)
return false;
m1++;
m2++;
}
return true;
}
/* Check structural equality of two ENUMs or ENUM64s. */
static bool btf_equal_enum(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
/* t1 & t2 kinds are identical because of btf_equal_common */
if (btf_kind(t1) == BTF_KIND_ENUM)
return btf_equal_enum_members(t1, t2);
else
return btf_equal_enum64_members(t1, t2);
}
static inline bool btf_is_enum_fwd(struct btf_type *t)
{
return btf_is_any_enum(t) && btf_vlen(t) == 0;
}
static bool btf_compat_enum(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
if (!btf_is_enum_fwd(t1) && !btf_is_enum_fwd(t2))
return btf_equal_enum(t1, t2);
/* At this point either t1 or t2 or both are forward declarations, thus:
* - skip comparing vlen because it is zero for forward declarations;
* - skip comparing size to allow enum forward declarations
* to be compatible with enum64 full declarations;
* - skip comparing kind for the same reason.
*/
return t1->name_off == t2->name_off &&
btf_is_any_enum(t1) && btf_is_any_enum(t2);
}
/*
* Calculate type signature hash of STRUCT/UNION, ignoring referenced type IDs,
* as referenced type IDs equivalence is established separately during type
* graph equivalence check algorithm.
*/
static long btf_hash_struct(struct btf_type *t)
{
const struct btf_member *member = btf_members(t);
__u32 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
long h = btf_hash_common(t);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
h = hash_combine(h, member->name_off);
h = hash_combine(h, member->offset);
/* no hashing of referenced type ID, it can be unresolved yet */
member++;
}
return h;
}
/*
* Check structural compatibility of two STRUCTs/UNIONs, ignoring referenced
* type IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and
* referenced types equivalence is checked separately.
*/
static bool btf_shallow_equal_struct(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_member *m1, *m2;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
vlen = btf_vlen(t1);
m1 = btf_members(t1);
m2 = btf_members(t2);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->offset != m2->offset)
return false;
m1++;
m2++;
}
return true;
}
/*
* Calculate type signature hash of ARRAY, including referenced type IDs,
* under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical type IDs and
* are not going to change.
*/
static long btf_hash_array(struct btf_type *t)
{
const struct btf_array *info = btf_array(t);
long h = btf_hash_common(t);
h = hash_combine(h, info->type);
h = hash_combine(h, info->index_type);
h = hash_combine(h, info->nelems);
return h;
}
/*
* Check exact equality of two ARRAYs, taking into account referenced
* type IDs, under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical
* type IDs and are not going to change.
* This function is called during reference types deduplication to compare
* ARRAY to potential canonical representative.
*/
static bool btf_equal_array(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_array *info1, *info2;
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
info1 = btf_array(t1);
info2 = btf_array(t2);
return info1->type == info2->type &&
info1->index_type == info2->index_type &&
info1->nelems == info2->nelems;
}
/*
* Check structural compatibility of two ARRAYs, ignoring referenced type
* IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and
* referenced types equivalence is checked separately.
*/
static bool btf_compat_array(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
return btf_array(t1)->nelems == btf_array(t2)->nelems;
}
/*
* Calculate type signature hash of FUNC_PROTO, including referenced type IDs,
* under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical type IDs and
* are not going to change.
*/
static long btf_hash_fnproto(struct btf_type *t)
{
const struct btf_param *member = btf_params(t);
__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
long h = btf_hash_common(t);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
h = hash_combine(h, member->name_off);
h = hash_combine(h, member->type);
member++;
}
return h;
}
/*
* Check exact equality of two FUNC_PROTOs, taking into account referenced
* type IDs, under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical
* type IDs and are not going to change.
* This function is called during reference types deduplication to compare
* FUNC_PROTO to potential canonical representative.
*/
static bool btf_equal_fnproto(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_param *m1, *m2;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2))
return false;
vlen = btf_vlen(t1);
m1 = btf_params(t1);
m2 = btf_params(t2);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->type != m2->type)
return false;
m1++;
m2++;
}
return true;
}
/*
* Check structural compatibility of two FUNC_PROTOs, ignoring referenced type
* IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and
* referenced types equivalence is checked separately.
*/
static bool btf_compat_fnproto(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2)
{
const struct btf_param *m1, *m2;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
/* skip return type ID */
if (t1->name_off != t2->name_off || t1->info != t2->info)
return false;
vlen = btf_vlen(t1);
m1 = btf_params(t1);
m2 = btf_params(t2);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off)
return false;
m1++;
m2++;
}
return true;
}
/* Prepare split BTF for deduplication by calculating hashes of base BTF's
* types and initializing the rest of the state (canonical type mapping) for
* the fixed base BTF part.
*/
static int btf_dedup_prep(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
struct btf_type *t;
int type_id;
long h;
if (!d->btf->base_btf)
return 0;
for (type_id = 1; type_id < d->btf->start_id; type_id++) {
t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
/* all base BTF types are self-canonical by definition */
d->map[type_id] = type_id;
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
/* VAR and DATASEC are never hash/deduplicated */
continue;
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
h = btf_hash_common(t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
h = btf_hash_enum(t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
h = btf_hash_struct(t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
h = btf_hash_array(t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
h = btf_hash_fnproto(t);
break;
default:
pr_debug("unknown kind %d for type [%d]\n", btf_kind(t), type_id);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id))
return -ENOMEM;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Deduplicate primitive types, that can't reference other types, by calculating
* their type signature hash and comparing them with any possible canonical
* candidate. If no canonical candidate matches, type itself is marked as
* canonical and is added into `btf_dedup->dedup_table` as another candidate.
*/
static int btf_dedup_prim_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry;
struct btf_type *cand;
/* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are canonical */
__u32 new_id = type_id;
__u32 cand_id;
long h;
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
case BTF_KIND_VAR:
case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
return 0;
case BTF_KIND_INT:
h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_int_tag(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
h = btf_hash_enum(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_enum(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
if (btf_compat_enum(t, cand)) {
if (btf_is_enum_fwd(t)) {
/* resolve fwd to full enum */
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
/* resolve canonical enum fwd to full enum */
d->map[cand_id] = type_id;
}
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
h = btf_hash_common(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_common(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
d->map[type_id] = new_id;
if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id))
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static int btf_dedup_prim_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i, err;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
err = btf_dedup_prim_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i);
if (err)
return err;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Check whether type is already mapped into canonical one (could be to itself).
*/
static inline bool is_type_mapped(struct btf_dedup *d, uint32_t type_id)
{
return d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES;
}
/*
* Resolve type ID into its canonical type ID, if any; otherwise return original
* type ID. If type is FWD and is resolved into STRUCT/UNION already, follow
* STRUCT/UNION link and resolve it into canonical type ID as well.
*/
static inline __u32 resolve_type_id(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
{
while (is_type_mapped(d, type_id) && d->map[type_id] != type_id)
type_id = d->map[type_id];
return type_id;
}
/*
* Resolve FWD to underlying STRUCT/UNION, if any; otherwise return original
* type ID.
*/
static uint32_t resolve_fwd_id(struct btf_dedup *d, uint32_t type_id)
{
__u32 orig_type_id = type_id;
if (!btf_is_fwd(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, type_id)))
return type_id;
while (is_type_mapped(d, type_id) && d->map[type_id] != type_id)
type_id = d->map[type_id];
if (!btf_is_fwd(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, type_id)))
return type_id;
return orig_type_id;
}
static inline __u16 btf_fwd_kind(struct btf_type *t)
{
return btf_kflag(t) ? BTF_KIND_UNION : BTF_KIND_STRUCT;
}
/* Check if given two types are identical ARRAY definitions */
static bool btf_dedup_identical_arrays(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 id1, __u32 id2)
{
struct btf_type *t1, *t2;
t1 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id1);
t2 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id2);
if (!btf_is_array(t1) || !btf_is_array(t2))
return false;
return btf_equal_array(t1, t2);
}
/* Check if given two types are identical STRUCT/UNION definitions */
static bool btf_dedup_identical_structs(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 id1, __u32 id2)
{
const struct btf_member *m1, *m2;
struct btf_type *t1, *t2;
int n, i;
t1 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id1);
t2 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id2);
if (!btf_is_composite(t1) || btf_kind(t1) != btf_kind(t2))
return false;
if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(t1, t2))
return false;
m1 = btf_members(t1);
m2 = btf_members(t2);
for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t1); i < n; i++, m1++, m2++) {
if (m1->type != m2->type &&
!btf_dedup_identical_arrays(d, m1->type, m2->type) &&
!btf_dedup_identical_structs(d, m1->type, m2->type))
return false;
}
return true;
}
/*
* Check equivalence of BTF type graph formed by candidate struct/union (we'll
* call it "candidate graph" in this description for brevity) to a type graph
* formed by (potential) canonical struct/union ("canonical graph" for brevity
* here, though keep in mind that not all types in canonical graph are
* necessarily canonical representatives themselves, some of them might be
* duplicates or its uniqueness might not have been established yet).
* Returns:
* - >0, if type graphs are equivalent;
* - 0, if not equivalent;
* - <0, on error.
*
* Algorithm performs side-by-side DFS traversal of both type graphs and checks
* equivalence of BTF types at each step. If at any point BTF types in candidate
* and canonical graphs are not compatible structurally, whole graphs are
* incompatible. If types are structurally equivalent (i.e., all information
* except referenced type IDs is exactly the same), a mapping from `canon_id` to
* a `cand_id` is recoded in hypothetical mapping (`btf_dedup->hypot_map`).
* If a type references other types, then those referenced types are checked
* for equivalence recursively.
*
* During DFS traversal, if we find that for current `canon_id` type we
* already have some mapping in hypothetical map, we check for two possible
* situations:
* - `canon_id` is mapped to exactly the same type as `cand_id`. This will
* happen when type graphs have cycles. In this case we assume those two
* types are equivalent.
* - `canon_id` is mapped to different type. This is contradiction in our
* hypothetical mapping, because same graph in canonical graph corresponds
* to two different types in candidate graph, which for equivalent type
* graphs shouldn't happen. This condition terminates equivalence check
* with negative result.
*
* If type graphs traversal exhausts types to check and find no contradiction,
* then type graphs are equivalent.
*
* When checking types for equivalence, there is one special case: FWD types.
* If FWD type resolution is allowed and one of the types (either from canonical
* or candidate graph) is FWD and other is STRUCT/UNION (depending on FWD's kind
* flag) and their names match, hypothetical mapping is updated to point from
* FWD to STRUCT/UNION. If graphs will be determined as equivalent successfully,
* this mapping will be used to record FWD -> STRUCT/UNION mapping permanently.
*
* Technically, this could lead to incorrect FWD to STRUCT/UNION resolution,
* if there are two exactly named (or anonymous) structs/unions that are
* compatible structurally, one of which has FWD field, while other is concrete
* STRUCT/UNION, but according to C sources they are different structs/unions
* that are referencing different types with the same name. This is extremely
* unlikely to happen, but btf_dedup API allows to disable FWD resolution if
* this logic is causing problems.
*
* Doing FWD resolution means that both candidate and/or canonical graphs can
* consists of portions of the graph that come from multiple compilation units.
* This is due to the fact that types within single compilation unit are always
* deduplicated and FWDs are already resolved, if referenced struct/union
* definition is available. So, if we had unresolved FWD and found corresponding
* STRUCT/UNION, they will be from different compilation units. This
* consequently means that when we "link" FWD to corresponding STRUCT/UNION,
* type graph will likely have at least two different BTF types that describe
* same type (e.g., most probably there will be two different BTF types for the
* same 'int' primitive type) and could even have "overlapping" parts of type
* graph that describe same subset of types.
*
* This in turn means that our assumption that each type in canonical graph
* must correspond to exactly one type in candidate graph might not hold
* anymore and will make it harder to detect contradictions using hypothetical
* map. To handle this problem, we allow to follow FWD -> STRUCT/UNION
* resolution only in canonical graph. FWDs in candidate graphs are never
* resolved. To see why it's OK, let's check all possible situations w.r.t. FWDs
* that can occur:
* - Both types in canonical and candidate graphs are FWDs. If they are
* structurally equivalent, then they can either be both resolved to the
* same STRUCT/UNION or not resolved at all. In both cases they are
* equivalent and there is no need to resolve FWD on candidate side.
* - Both types in canonical and candidate graphs are concrete STRUCT/UNION,
* so nothing to resolve as well, algorithm will check equivalence anyway.
* - Type in canonical graph is FWD, while type in candidate is concrete
* STRUCT/UNION. In this case candidate graph comes from single compilation
* unit, so there is exactly one BTF type for each unique C type. After
* resolving FWD into STRUCT/UNION, there might be more than one BTF type
* in canonical graph mapping to single BTF type in candidate graph, but
* because hypothetical mapping maps from canonical to candidate types, it's
* alright, and we still maintain the property of having single `canon_id`
* mapping to single `cand_id` (there could be two different `canon_id`
* mapped to the same `cand_id`, but it's not contradictory).
* - Type in canonical graph is concrete STRUCT/UNION, while type in candidate
* graph is FWD. In this case we are just going to check compatibility of
* STRUCT/UNION and corresponding FWD, and if they are compatible, we'll
* assume that whatever STRUCT/UNION FWD resolves to must be equivalent to
* a concrete STRUCT/UNION from canonical graph. If the rest of type graphs
* turn out equivalent, we'll re-resolve FWD to concrete STRUCT/UNION from
* canonical graph.
*/
static int btf_dedup_is_equiv(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 cand_id,
__u32 canon_id)
{
struct btf_type *cand_type;
struct btf_type *canon_type;
__u32 hypot_type_id;
__u16 cand_kind;
__u16 canon_kind;
int i, eq;
/* if both resolve to the same canonical, they must be equivalent */
if (resolve_type_id(d, cand_id) == resolve_type_id(d, canon_id))
return 1;
canon_id = resolve_fwd_id(d, canon_id);
hypot_type_id = d->hypot_map[canon_id];
if (hypot_type_id <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) {
if (hypot_type_id == cand_id)
return 1;
/* In some cases compiler will generate different DWARF types
* for *identical* array type definitions and use them for
* different fields within the *same* struct. This breaks type
* equivalence check, which makes an assumption that candidate
* types sub-graph has a consistent and deduped-by-compiler
* types within a single CU. So work around that by explicitly
* allowing identical array types here.
*/
if (btf_dedup_identical_arrays(d, hypot_type_id, cand_id))
return 1;
/* It turns out that similar situation can happen with
* struct/union sometimes, sigh... Handle the case where
* structs/unions are exactly the same, down to the referenced
* type IDs. Anything more complicated (e.g., if referenced
* types are different, but equivalent) is *way more*
* complicated and requires a many-to-many equivalence mapping.
*/
if (btf_dedup_identical_structs(d, hypot_type_id, cand_id))
return 1;
return 0;
}
if (btf_dedup_hypot_map_add(d, canon_id, cand_id))
return -ENOMEM;
cand_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
canon_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, canon_id);
cand_kind = btf_kind(cand_type);
canon_kind = btf_kind(canon_type);
if (cand_type->name_off != canon_type->name_off)
return 0;
/* FWD <--> STRUCT/UNION equivalence check, if enabled */
if ((cand_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD || canon_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD)
&& cand_kind != canon_kind) {
__u16 real_kind;
__u16 fwd_kind;
if (cand_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD) {
real_kind = canon_kind;
fwd_kind = btf_fwd_kind(cand_type);
} else {
real_kind = cand_kind;
fwd_kind = btf_fwd_kind(canon_type);
/* we'd need to resolve base FWD to STRUCT/UNION */
if (fwd_kind == real_kind && canon_id < d->btf->start_id)
d->hypot_adjust_canon = true;
}
return fwd_kind == real_kind;
}
if (cand_kind != canon_kind)
return 0;
switch (cand_kind) {
case BTF_KIND_INT:
return btf_equal_int_tag(cand_type, canon_type);
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
return btf_compat_enum(cand_type, canon_type);
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
return btf_equal_common(cand_type, canon_type);
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
if (cand_type->info != canon_type->info)
return 0;
return btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_type->type, canon_type->type);
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {
const struct btf_array *cand_arr, *canon_arr;
if (!btf_compat_array(cand_type, canon_type))
return 0;
cand_arr = btf_array(cand_type);
canon_arr = btf_array(canon_type);
eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_arr->index_type, canon_arr->index_type);
if (eq <= 0)
return eq;
return btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_arr->type, canon_arr->type);
}
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION: {
const struct btf_member *cand_m, *canon_m;
__u16 vlen;
if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(cand_type, canon_type))
return 0;
vlen = btf_vlen(cand_type);
cand_m = btf_members(cand_type);
canon_m = btf_members(canon_type);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_m->type, canon_m->type);
if (eq <= 0)
return eq;
cand_m++;
canon_m++;
}
return 1;
}
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {
const struct btf_param *cand_p, *canon_p;
__u16 vlen;
if (!btf_compat_fnproto(cand_type, canon_type))
return 0;
eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_type->type, canon_type->type);
if (eq <= 0)
return eq;
vlen = btf_vlen(cand_type);
cand_p = btf_params(cand_type);
canon_p = btf_params(canon_type);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_p->type, canon_p->type);
if (eq <= 0)
return eq;
cand_p++;
canon_p++;
}
return 1;
}
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Use hypothetical mapping, produced by successful type graph equivalence
* check, to augment existing struct/union canonical mapping, where possible.
*
* If BTF_KIND_FWD resolution is allowed, this mapping is also used to record
* FWD -> STRUCT/UNION correspondence as well. FWD resolution is bidirectional:
* it doesn't matter if FWD type was part of canonical graph or candidate one,
* we are recording the mapping anyway. As opposed to carefulness required
* for struct/union correspondence mapping (described below), for FWD resolution
* it's not important, as by the time that FWD type (reference type) will be
* deduplicated all structs/unions will be deduped already anyway.
*
* Recording STRUCT/UNION mapping is purely a performance optimization and is
* not required for correctness. It needs to be done carefully to ensure that
* struct/union from candidate's type graph is not mapped into corresponding
* struct/union from canonical type graph that itself hasn't been resolved into
* canonical representative. The only guarantee we have is that canonical
* struct/union was determined as canonical and that won't change. But any
* types referenced through that struct/union fields could have been not yet
* resolved, so in case like that it's too early to establish any kind of
* correspondence between structs/unions.
*
* No canonical correspondence is derived for primitive types (they are already
* deduplicated completely already anyway) or reference types (they rely on
* stability of struct/union canonical relationship for equivalence checks).
*/
static void btf_dedup_merge_hypot_map(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
__u32 canon_type_id, targ_type_id;
__u16 t_kind, c_kind;
__u32 t_id, c_id;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < d->hypot_cnt; i++) {
canon_type_id = d->hypot_list[i];
targ_type_id = d->hypot_map[canon_type_id];
t_id = resolve_type_id(d, targ_type_id);
c_id = resolve_type_id(d, canon_type_id);
t_kind = btf_kind(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, t_id));
c_kind = btf_kind(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, c_id));
/*
* Resolve FWD into STRUCT/UNION.
* It's ok to resolve FWD into STRUCT/UNION that's not yet
* mapped to canonical representative (as opposed to
* STRUCT/UNION <--> STRUCT/UNION mapping logic below), because
* eventually that struct is going to be mapped and all resolved
* FWDs will automatically resolve to correct canonical
* representative. This will happen before ref type deduping,
* which critically depends on stability of these mapping. This
* stability is not a requirement for STRUCT/UNION equivalence
* checks, though.
*/
/* if it's the split BTF case, we still need to point base FWD
* to STRUCT/UNION in a split BTF, because FWDs from split BTF
* will be resolved against base FWD. If we don't point base
* canonical FWD to the resolved STRUCT/UNION, then all the
* FWDs in split BTF won't be correctly resolved to a proper
* STRUCT/UNION.
*/
if (t_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD && c_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD)
d->map[c_id] = t_id;
/* if graph equivalence determined that we'd need to adjust
* base canonical types, then we need to only point base FWDs
* to STRUCTs/UNIONs and do no more modifications. For all
* other purposes the type graphs were not equivalent.
*/
if (d->hypot_adjust_canon)
continue;
if (t_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD && c_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD)
d->map[t_id] = c_id;
if ((t_kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT || t_kind == BTF_KIND_UNION) &&
c_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD &&
is_type_mapped(d, c_id) &&
!is_type_mapped(d, t_id)) {
/*
* as a perf optimization, we can map struct/union
* that's part of type graph we just verified for
* equivalence. We can do that for struct/union that has
* canonical representative only, though.
*/
d->map[t_id] = c_id;
}
}
}
/*
* Deduplicate struct/union types.
*
* For each struct/union type its type signature hash is calculated, taking
* into account type's name, size, number, order and names of fields, but
* ignoring type ID's referenced from fields, because they might not be deduped
* completely until after reference types deduplication phase. This type hash
* is used to iterate over all potential canonical types, sharing same hash.
* For each canonical candidate we check whether type graphs that they form
* (through referenced types in fields and so on) are equivalent using algorithm
* implemented in `btf_dedup_is_equiv`. If such equivalence is found and
* BTF_KIND_FWD resolution is allowed, then hypothetical mapping
* (btf_dedup->hypot_map) produced by aforementioned type graph equivalence
* algorithm is used to record FWD -> STRUCT/UNION mapping. It's also used to
* potentially map other structs/unions to their canonical representatives,
* if such relationship hasn't yet been established. This speeds up algorithm
* by eliminating some of the duplicate work.
*
* If no matching canonical representative was found, struct/union is marked
* as canonical for itself and is added into btf_dedup->dedup_table hash map
* for further look ups.
*/
static int btf_dedup_struct_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
{
struct btf_type *cand_type, *t;
struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry;
/* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are canonical */
__u32 new_id = type_id;
__u16 kind;
long h;
/* already deduped or is in process of deduping (loop detected) */
if (d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES)
return 0;
t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
kind = btf_kind(t);
if (kind != BTF_KIND_STRUCT && kind != BTF_KIND_UNION)
return 0;
h = btf_hash_struct(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
__u32 cand_id = hash_entry->value;
int eq;
/*
* Even though btf_dedup_is_equiv() checks for
* btf_shallow_equal_struct() internally when checking two
* structs (unions) for equivalence, we need to guard here
* from picking matching FWD type as a dedup candidate.
* This can happen due to hash collision. In such case just
* relying on btf_dedup_is_equiv() would lead to potentially
* creating a loop (FWD -> STRUCT and STRUCT -> FWD), because
* FWD and compatible STRUCT/UNION are considered equivalent.
*/
cand_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(t, cand_type))
continue;
btf_dedup_clear_hypot_map(d);
eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, type_id, cand_id);
if (eq < 0)
return eq;
if (!eq)
continue;
btf_dedup_merge_hypot_map(d);
if (d->hypot_adjust_canon) /* not really equivalent */
continue;
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
d->map[type_id] = new_id;
if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id))
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static int btf_dedup_struct_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i, err;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
err = btf_dedup_struct_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i);
if (err)
return err;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Deduplicate reference type.
*
* Once all primitive and struct/union types got deduplicated, we can easily
* deduplicate all other (reference) BTF types. This is done in two steps:
*
* 1. Resolve all referenced type IDs into their canonical type IDs. This
* resolution can be done either immediately for primitive or struct/union types
* (because they were deduped in previous two phases) or recursively for
* reference types. Recursion will always terminate at either primitive or
* struct/union type, at which point we can "unwind" chain of reference types
* one by one. There is no danger of encountering cycles because in C type
* system the only way to form type cycle is through struct/union, so any chain
* of reference types, even those taking part in a type cycle, will inevitably
* reach struct/union at some point.
*
* 2. Once all referenced type IDs are resolved into canonical ones, BTF type
* becomes "stable", in the sense that no further deduplication will cause
* any changes to it. With that, it's now possible to calculate type's signature
* hash (this time taking into account referenced type IDs) and loop over all
* potential canonical representatives. If no match was found, current type
* will become canonical representative of itself and will be added into
* btf_dedup->dedup_table as another possible canonical representative.
*/
static int btf_dedup_ref_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id)
{
struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry;
__u32 new_id = type_id, cand_id;
struct btf_type *t, *cand;
/* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are representative type */
int ref_type_id;
long h;
if (d->map[type_id] == BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID)
return -ELOOP;
if (d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES)
return resolve_type_id(d, type_id);
t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
d->map[type_id] = BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID;
switch (btf_kind(t)) {
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
t->type = ref_type_id;
h = btf_hash_common(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_common(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
t->type = ref_type_id;
h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_int_tag(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {
struct btf_array *info = btf_array(t);
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, info->type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
info->type = ref_type_id;
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, info->index_type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
info->index_type = ref_type_id;
h = btf_hash_array(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_array(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
}
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {
struct btf_param *param;
__u16 vlen;
int i;
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
t->type = ref_type_id;
vlen = btf_vlen(t);
param = btf_params(t);
for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, param->type);
if (ref_type_id < 0)
return ref_type_id;
param->type = ref_type_id;
param++;
}
h = btf_hash_fnproto(t);
for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) {
cand_id = hash_entry->value;
cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
if (btf_equal_fnproto(t, cand)) {
new_id = cand_id;
break;
}
}
break;
}
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
d->map[type_id] = new_id;
if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id))
return -ENOMEM;
return new_id;
}
static int btf_dedup_ref_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i, err;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
err = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i);
if (err < 0)
return err;
}
/* we won't need d->dedup_table anymore */
hashmap__free(d->dedup_table);
d->dedup_table = NULL;
return 0;
}
/*
* Collect a map from type names to type ids for all canonical structs
* and unions. If the same name is shared by several canonical types
* use a special value 0 to indicate this fact.
*/
static int btf_dedup_fill_unique_names_map(struct btf_dedup *d, struct hashmap *names_map)
{
__u32 nr_types = btf__type_cnt(d->btf);
struct btf_type *t;
__u32 type_id;
__u16 kind;
int err;
/*
* Iterate over base and split module ids in order to get all
* available structs in the map.
*/
for (type_id = 1; type_id < nr_types; ++type_id) {
t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
kind = btf_kind(t);
if (kind != BTF_KIND_STRUCT && kind != BTF_KIND_UNION)
continue;
/* Skip non-canonical types */
if (type_id != d->map[type_id])
continue;
err = hashmap__add(names_map, t->name_off, type_id);
if (err == -EEXIST)
err = hashmap__set(names_map, t->name_off, 0, NULL, NULL);
if (err)
return err;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwd(struct btf_dedup *d, struct hashmap *names_map, __u32 type_id)
{
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);
enum btf_fwd_kind fwd_kind = btf_kflag(t);
__u16 cand_kind, kind = btf_kind(t);
struct btf_type *cand_t;
uintptr_t cand_id;
if (kind != BTF_KIND_FWD)
return 0;
/* Skip if this FWD already has a mapping */
if (type_id != d->map[type_id])
return 0;
if (!hashmap__find(names_map, t->name_off, &cand_id))
return 0;
/* Zero is a special value indicating that name is not unique */
if (!cand_id)
return 0;
cand_t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id);
cand_kind = btf_kind(cand_t);
if ((cand_kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT && fwd_kind != BTF_FWD_STRUCT) ||
(cand_kind == BTF_KIND_UNION && fwd_kind != BTF_FWD_UNION))
return 0;
d->map[type_id] = cand_id;
return 0;
}
/*
* Resolve unambiguous forward declarations.
*
* The lion's share of all FWD declarations is resolved during
* `btf_dedup_struct_types` phase when different type graphs are
* compared against each other. However, if in some compilation unit a
* FWD declaration is not a part of a type graph compared against
* another type graph that declaration's canonical type would not be
* changed. Example:
*
* CU #1:
*
* struct foo;
* struct foo *some_global;
*
* CU #2:
*
* struct foo { int u; };
* struct foo *another_global;
*
* After `btf_dedup_struct_types` the BTF looks as follows:
*
* [1] STRUCT 'foo' size=4 vlen=1 ...
* [2] INT 'int' size=4 ...
* [3] PTR '(anon)' type_id=1
* [4] FWD 'foo' fwd_kind=struct
* [5] PTR '(anon)' type_id=4
*
* This pass assumes that such FWD declarations should be mapped to
* structs or unions with identical name in case if the name is not
* ambiguous.
*/
static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i, err;
struct hashmap *names_map;
names_map = hashmap__new(btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(names_map))
return PTR_ERR(names_map);
err = btf_dedup_fill_unique_names_map(d, names_map);
if (err < 0)
goto exit;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
err = btf_dedup_resolve_fwd(d, names_map, d->btf->start_id + i);
if (err < 0)
break;
}
exit:
hashmap__free(names_map);
return err;
}
/*
* Compact types.
*
* After we established for each type its corresponding canonical representative
* type, we now can eliminate types that are not canonical and leave only
* canonical ones layed out sequentially in memory by copying them over
* duplicates. During compaction btf_dedup->hypot_map array is reused to store
* a map from original type ID to a new compacted type ID, which will be used
* during next phase to "fix up" type IDs, referenced from struct/union and
* reference types.
*/
static int btf_dedup_compact_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
__u32 *new_offs;
__u32 next_type_id = d->btf->start_id;
const struct btf_type *t;
void *p;
int i, id, len;
/* we are going to reuse hypot_map to store compaction remapping */
d->hypot_map[0] = 0;
/* base BTF types are not renumbered */
for (id = 1; id < d->btf->start_id; id++)
d->hypot_map[id] = id;
for (i = 0, id = d->btf->start_id; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++, id++)
d->hypot_map[id] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID;
p = d->btf->types_data;
for (i = 0, id = d->btf->start_id; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++, id++) {
if (d->map[id] != id)
continue;
t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);
len = btf_type_size(t);
if (len < 0)
return len;
memmove(p, t, len);
d->hypot_map[id] = next_type_id;
d->btf->type_offs[next_type_id - d->btf->start_id] = p - d->btf->types_data;
p += len;
next_type_id++;
}
/* shrink struct btf's internal types index and update btf_header */
d->btf->nr_types = next_type_id - d->btf->start_id;
d->btf->type_offs_cap = d->btf->nr_types;
d->btf->hdr->type_len = p - d->btf->types_data;
new_offs = libbpf_reallocarray(d->btf->type_offs, d->btf->type_offs_cap,
sizeof(*new_offs));
if (d->btf->type_offs_cap && !new_offs)
return -ENOMEM;
d->btf->type_offs = new_offs;
d->btf->hdr->str_off = d->btf->hdr->type_len;
d->btf->raw_size = d->btf->hdr->hdr_len + d->btf->hdr->type_len + d->btf->hdr->str_len;
return 0;
}
/*
* Figure out final (deduplicated and compacted) type ID for provided original
* `type_id` by first resolving it into corresponding canonical type ID and
* then mapping it to a deduplicated type ID, stored in btf_dedup->hypot_map,
* which is populated during compaction phase.
*/
static int btf_dedup_remap_type_id(__u32 *type_id, void *ctx)
{
struct btf_dedup *d = ctx;
__u32 resolved_type_id, new_type_id;
resolved_type_id = resolve_type_id(d, *type_id);
new_type_id = d->hypot_map[resolved_type_id];
if (new_type_id > BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES)
return -EINVAL;
*type_id = new_type_id;
return 0;
}
/*
* Remap referenced type IDs into deduped type IDs.
*
* After BTF types are deduplicated and compacted, their final type IDs may
* differ from original ones. The map from original to a corresponding
* deduped type ID is stored in btf_dedup->hypot_map and is populated during
* compaction phase. During remapping phase we are rewriting all type IDs
* referenced from any BTF type (e.g., struct fields, func proto args, etc) to
* their final deduped type IDs.
*/
static int btf_dedup_remap_types(struct btf_dedup *d)
{
int i, r;
for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) {
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, d->btf->start_id + i);
struct btf_field_iter it;
__u32 *type_id;
r = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_IDS);
if (r)
return r;
while ((type_id = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
__u32 resolved_id, new_id;
resolved_id = resolve_type_id(d, *type_id);
new_id = d->hypot_map[resolved_id];
if (new_id > BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES)
return -EINVAL;
*type_id = new_id;
}
}
if (!d->btf_ext)
return 0;
r = btf_ext_visit_type_ids(d->btf_ext, btf_dedup_remap_type_id, d);
if (r)
return r;
return 0;
}
/*
* Probe few well-known locations for vmlinux kernel image and try to load BTF
* data out of it to use for target BTF.
*/
struct btf *btf__load_vmlinux_btf(void)
{
const char *sysfs_btf_path = "/sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux";
/* fall back locations, trying to find vmlinux on disk */
const char *locations[] = {
"/boot/vmlinux-%1$s",
"/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux-%1$s",
"/lib/modules/%1$s/build/vmlinux",
"/usr/lib/modules/%1$s/kernel/vmlinux",
"/usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-%1$s",
"/usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-%1$s.debug",
"/usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux",
};
char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
struct utsname buf;
struct btf *btf;
int i, err;
/* is canonical sysfs location accessible? */
if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, sysfs_btf_path, F_OK, AT_EACCESS) < 0) {
pr_warn("kernel BTF is missing at '%s', was CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF enabled?\n",
sysfs_btf_path);
} else {
btf = btf__parse(sysfs_btf_path, NULL);
if (!btf) {
err = -errno;
pr_warn("failed to read kernel BTF from '%s': %s\n",
sysfs_btf_path, errstr(err));
return libbpf_err_ptr(err);
}
pr_debug("loaded kernel BTF from '%s'\n", sysfs_btf_path);
return btf;
}
/* try fallback locations */
uname(&buf);
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(locations); i++) {
snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, locations[i], buf.release);
if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, path, R_OK, AT_EACCESS))
continue;
btf = btf__parse(path, NULL);
err = libbpf_get_error(btf);
pr_debug("loading kernel BTF '%s': %s\n", path, errstr(err));
if (err)
continue;
return btf;
}
pr_warn("failed to find valid kernel BTF\n");
return libbpf_err_ptr(-ESRCH);
}
struct btf *libbpf_find_kernel_btf(void) __attribute__((alias("btf__load_vmlinux_btf")));
struct btf *btf__load_module_btf(const char *module_name, struct btf *vmlinux_btf)
{
char path[80];
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/kernel/btf/%s", module_name);
return btf__parse_split(path, vmlinux_btf);
}
int btf_ext_visit_type_ids(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ctx)
{
const struct btf_ext_info *seg;
struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec;
int i, err;
seg = &btf_ext->func_info;
for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
struct bpf_func_info_min *rec;
for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) {
err = visit(&rec->type_id, ctx);
if (err < 0)
return err;
}
}
seg = &btf_ext->core_relo_info;
for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
struct bpf_core_relo *rec;
for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) {
err = visit(&rec->type_id, ctx);
if (err < 0)
return err;
}
}
return 0;
}
int btf_ext_visit_str_offs(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, str_off_visit_fn visit, void *ctx)
{
const struct btf_ext_info *seg;
struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec;
int i, err;
seg = &btf_ext->func_info;
for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
}
seg = &btf_ext->line_info;
for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
struct bpf_line_info_min *rec;
err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) {
err = visit(&rec->file_name_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
err = visit(&rec->line_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
}
}
seg = &btf_ext->core_relo_info;
for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) {
struct bpf_core_relo *rec;
err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) {
err = visit(&rec->access_str_off, ctx);
if (err)
return err;
}
}
return 0;
}
struct btf_distill {
struct btf_pipe pipe;
int *id_map;
unsigned int split_start_id;
unsigned int split_start_str;
int diff_id;
};
static int btf_add_distilled_type_ids(struct btf_distill *dist, __u32 i)
{
struct btf_type *split_t = btf_type_by_id(dist->pipe.src, i);
struct btf_field_iter it;
__u32 *id;
int err;
err = btf_field_iter_init(&it, split_t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_IDS);
if (err)
return err;
while ((id = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
struct btf_type *base_t;
if (!*id)
continue;
/* split BTF id, not needed */
if (*id >= dist->split_start_id)
continue;
/* already added ? */
if (dist->id_map[*id] > 0)
continue;
/* only a subset of base BTF types should be referenced from
* split BTF; ensure nothing unexpected is referenced.
*/
base_t = btf_type_by_id(dist->pipe.src, *id);
switch (btf_kind(base_t)) {
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
dist->id_map[*id] = *id;
break;
default:
pr_warn("unexpected reference to base type[%u] of kind [%u] when creating distilled base BTF.\n",
*id, btf_kind(base_t));
return -EINVAL;
}
/* If a base type is used, ensure types it refers to are
* marked as used also; so for example if we find a PTR to INT
* we need both the PTR and INT.
*
* The only exception is named struct/unions, since distilled
* base BTF composite types have no members.
*/
if (btf_is_composite(base_t) && base_t->name_off)
continue;
err = btf_add_distilled_type_ids(dist, *id);
if (err)
return err;
}
return 0;
}
static int btf_add_distilled_types(struct btf_distill *dist)
{
bool adding_to_base = dist->pipe.dst->start_id == 1;
int id = btf__type_cnt(dist->pipe.dst);
struct btf_type *t;
int i, err = 0;
/* Add types for each of the required references to either distilled
* base or split BTF, depending on type characteristics.
*/
for (i = 1; i < dist->split_start_id; i++) {
const char *name;
int kind;
if (!dist->id_map[i])
continue;
t = btf_type_by_id(dist->pipe.src, i);
kind = btf_kind(t);
name = btf__name_by_offset(dist->pipe.src, t->name_off);
switch (kind) {
case BTF_KIND_INT:
case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:
case BTF_KIND_FWD:
/* Named int, float, fwd are added to base. */
if (!adding_to_base)
continue;
err = btf_add_type(&dist->pipe, t);
break;
case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:
case BTF_KIND_UNION:
/* Named struct/union are added to base as 0-vlen
* struct/union of same size. Anonymous struct/unions
* are added to split BTF as-is.
*/
if (adding_to_base) {
if (!t->name_off)
continue;
err = btf_add_composite(dist->pipe.dst, kind, name, t->size);
} else {
if (t->name_off)
continue;
err = btf_add_type(&dist->pipe, t);
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_ENUM:
case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:
/* Named enum[64]s are added to base as a sized
* enum; relocation will match with appropriately-named
* and sized enum or enum64.
*
* Anonymous enums are added to split BTF as-is.
*/
if (adding_to_base) {
if (!t->name_off)
continue;
err = btf__add_enum(dist->pipe.dst, name, t->size);
} else {
if (t->name_off)
continue;
err = btf_add_type(&dist->pipe, t);
}
break;
case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:
case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:
case BTF_KIND_PTR:
case BTF_KIND_CONST:
case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:
case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:
case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:
case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:
/* All other types are added to split BTF. */
if (adding_to_base)
continue;
err = btf_add_type(&dist->pipe, t);
break;
default:
pr_warn("unexpected kind when adding base type '%s'[%u] of kind [%u] to distilled base BTF.\n",
name, i, kind);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (err < 0)
break;
dist->id_map[i] = id++;
}
return err;
}
/* Split BTF ids without a mapping will be shifted downwards since distilled
* base BTF is smaller than the original base BTF. For those that have a
* mapping (either to base or updated split BTF), update the id based on
* that mapping.
*/
static int btf_update_distilled_type_ids(struct btf_distill *dist, __u32 i)
{
struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(dist->pipe.dst, i);
struct btf_field_iter it;
__u32 *id;
int err;
err = btf_field_iter_init(&it, t, BTF_FIELD_ITER_IDS);
if (err)
return err;
while ((id = btf_field_iter_next(&it))) {
if (dist->id_map[*id])
*id = dist->id_map[*id];
else if (*id >= dist->split_start_id)
*id -= dist->diff_id;
}
return 0;
}
/* Create updated split BTF with distilled base BTF; distilled base BTF
* consists of BTF information required to clarify the types that split
* BTF refers to, omitting unneeded details. Specifically it will contain
* base types and memberless definitions of named structs, unions and enumerated
* types. Associated reference types like pointers, arrays and anonymous
* structs, unions and enumerated types will be added to split BTF.
* Size is recorded for named struct/unions to help guide matching to the
* target base BTF during later relocation.
*
* The only case where structs, unions or enumerated types are fully represented
* is when they are anonymous; in such cases, the anonymous type is added to
* split BTF in full.
*
* We return newly-created split BTF where the split BTF refers to a newly-created
* distilled base BTF. Both must be freed separately by the caller.
*/
int btf__distill_base(const struct btf *src_btf, struct btf **new_base_btf,
struct btf **new_split_btf)
{
struct btf *new_base = NULL, *new_split = NULL;
const struct btf *old_base;
unsigned int n = btf__type_cnt(src_btf);
struct btf_distill dist = {};
struct btf_type *t;
int i, err = 0;
/* src BTF must be split BTF. */
old_base = btf__base_btf(src_btf);
if (!new_base_btf || !new_split_btf || !old_base)
return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
new_base = btf__new_empty();
if (!new_base)
return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM);
btf__set_endianness(new_base, btf__endianness(src_btf));
dist.id_map = calloc(n, sizeof(*dist.id_map));
if (!dist.id_map) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
dist.pipe.src = src_btf;
dist.pipe.dst = new_base;
dist.pipe.str_off_map = hashmap__new(btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(dist.pipe.str_off_map)) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto done;
}
dist.split_start_id = btf__type_cnt(old_base);
dist.split_start_str = old_base->hdr->str_len;
/* Pass over src split BTF; generate the list of base BTF type ids it
* references; these will constitute our distilled BTF set to be
* distributed over base and split BTF as appropriate.
*/
for (i = src_btf->start_id; i < n; i++) {
err = btf_add_distilled_type_ids(&dist, i);
if (err < 0)
goto done;
}
/* Next add types for each of the required references to base BTF and split BTF
* in turn.
*/
err = btf_add_distilled_types(&dist);
if (err < 0)
goto done;
/* Create new split BTF with distilled base BTF as its base; the final
* state is split BTF with distilled base BTF that represents enough
* about its base references to allow it to be relocated with the base
* BTF available.
*/
new_split = btf__new_empty_split(new_base);
if (!new_split) {
err = -errno;
goto done;
}
dist.pipe.dst = new_split;
/* First add all split types */
for (i = src_btf->start_id; i < n; i++) {
t = btf_type_by_id(src_btf, i);
err = btf_add_type(&dist.pipe, t);
if (err < 0)
goto done;
}
/* Now add distilled types to split BTF that are not added to base. */
err = btf_add_distilled_types(&dist);
if (err < 0)
goto done;
/* All split BTF ids will be shifted downwards since there are less base
* BTF ids in distilled base BTF.
*/
dist.diff_id = dist.split_start_id - btf__type_cnt(new_base);
n = btf__type_cnt(new_split);
/* Now update base/split BTF ids. */
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
err = btf_update_distilled_type_ids(&dist, i);
if (err < 0)
break;
}
done:
free(dist.id_map);
hashmap__free(dist.pipe.str_off_map);
if (err) {
btf__free(new_split);
btf__free(new_base);
return libbpf_err(err);
}
*new_base_btf = new_base;
*new_split_btf = new_split;
return 0;
}
const struct btf_header *btf_header(const struct btf *btf)
{
return btf->hdr;
}
void btf_set_base_btf(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *base_btf)
{
btf->base_btf = (struct btf *)base_btf;
btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf);
btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len;
}
int btf__relocate(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *base_btf)
{
int err = btf_relocate(btf, base_btf, NULL);
if (!err)
btf->owns_base = false;
return libbpf_err(err);
}